摘要
本文观察了野生大豆大、小孢子发生、雌雄配子体发育以及胚和胚乳的发育,其主要结果如下: 1)雄性孢原为表皮下多列细胞。2)小孢子母细胞减数分裂的胞质分裂为同时型。四分孢子主要为正四面体型,少数为左右对称型。3)成熟的花粉粒为二细胞型。4)花药壁的发育属基本型。花药壁为五层细胞组成,从外向内依次为表皮层、药室内壁、二层中层、绒毡层。5)绒毡层细胞为单核,属分泌型绒毡层。6)单子房、倒弯生胚珠,双珠被、厚珠心,亚表皮下多孢原。7)大孢子四分体为线型排列,少数为“T”型排列。合点端大孢子为功能大孢子。胚囊发育属蓼型。8)大孢子发生较小孢子发生稍晚,但其发育速度较快、后期、雌、雄配子体同步成熟。9)胚的发育为柳叶菜型。10)核型胚乳,初生胚乳核先于合子分裂。11)胚乳发育的中、后期,合点端存在胚乳吸器。12)胚珠的合点部位存在着承珠盘结构。
This paper investigates the micro- and macro-sporogenesis,the development of the female- and male-gametophytes and the development of the embryo and the endosperm in wild soybean.The main results are:1.The male archesporium comprises many rows of hypodermal cells.2.The cytokinesis of meiotic division in microsporocyte is simulta-neous. Most tetrads are tetrahedral, and a few are isobilateral.3.The mature pollen is Two—celled.4.The development of the anther wall is Basic Type.lt comprises five layers of cells, from the outside to the inside they are an epidermis, an endothecium, two middle layers and a taeletum.5.The tapetum is secretory, its cells are single—nuclear.6.The ovary is monothecal, campylotropous, bitegmic, crassioucellate ovule having many subhypodermal archesporium cells.7.Most macrospore tetrads are linear and a few are T-shaped.The chalazal macrospore is functional.The embryo sac is of the Polygonum type.8.The macrosporogenesis occurs later than the microsporogenesis, but it develops more quickly; later, female- and male-gametophytes become mature synchronously.9.The development of the embryo is the Onagrad type.10.The nuclear endosperm, the primary endosperm nucleus divides earlier than the zygote.11.During the middle and late stages of the endosperm development, there is endosperm haustorium at chalazal end.12.There is a hypostase structure in chalazal region of the ovule.
出处
《哈尔滨师范大学自然科学学报》
CAS
1990年第3期82-90,共9页
Natural Science Journal of Harbin Normal University
关键词
野生大豆
胚胎学
小孢子
胚
大豆
Wild soybean
Macrospore
Microspore
Female gametophyte
Male gametophyte
Embryo
Endosperm.
