摘要
人是唯一使用符号的动物。把非符号符号化,是人类最重要的活动。非符号的符号化就是人文。就符号自身来看,符号由形式和内容两个方面构成。能指是符号的形式,所指是符号的内容。符号是能指和所指的统一体。从符号的运用方面来考察,运用符号的是人,符号是人生世界和表达世界的工具。符号在运用中必须有对应物,对于运用符号的人来说,才能具有实用价值。运用中的符号所对应之物,可以叫作"关涉"。在符号热的今天,把所指和关涉相混淆的做法经常出现。我们应当严格区别符号的内部结构与符号外部的运用两个不同性质的问题。这首先就需要区分开"所指"和"关涉"两个不同的概念。然后区分:"(符号)能指+所指"与"(运用)符号———关涉"。符号和关涉的联系有历时和共时、常规和超常规的区别。符号和关涉的超常联系有积极的和消极的区别,修辞用法就是积极的。符号与关涉之间的错位是一种社会现象,在社会大变动时期尤为突出。
Human being is the only animal who uses signal. It＇s the most important activity for people to emblem un -signal. Expression of unsignal is humanities. For signal itself, it＇s composed of form and content. Signan is the content, and designatum is the form. Signal is the unification of signan and designatum. Seeing about the use of signal, it＇s the human being who uses signal. Siganl is the tool for people to recognize and express the world. There must be counterpoint when signal is being used, and then it＇s meanful for people. The counterpoint is called pun. It often happens to make signan and designatum confused. We should strictly tell the difference of inner construeture and outer, they are different kinds of problems. We must distinguish that they are two different concepts first, then do ＂ （siganl） signans ＋ designatum＂ and （exertion） siganl - pun＂. There are the differences of synchronic and diachronic, general and super - general for the relations between siganl and pun. Also, there is the active and passive difference of the super- general relation of signal and pun, for example, trope is active. It＇s the social phenomenon of transplacement of signal and pun. It＇s more obvious in the great social change.
出处
《徐州师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2008年第2期47-52,共6页
Journal of Xuzhou Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)
关键词
符号
能指
所指
关涉
符号人
符号化
signal
signan
designatum
pun
signal people
signify
