摘要
研究生培养制度通常有两种模式:欧洲式的单一导师负责制与北美式的导师集体负责制。中国传统研究生培养制度是单位制度下的"导师制",这种制度实质上是一种学徒式的欧式制度。北美大学科研实行"老板制",这种制度的最大特点是师生关系具有多元性与平等性。当前中国大学科研中也出现了"老板制",但与北美有本质区别:北美"老板制"只是大学科研资源优化配置的一种方式,是"大科研"时代大学科研管理的理性选择;而中国的"老板制"则是功利主义的产物,是师生关系走向功利化的表征。为了提高研究生教育质量,中国研究生培养制度需要进行再设计。
The common institution of graduate cultivation is composed of the singular mentor of European plan and supervisory committee of North American plan. The traditional institution of the graduate cultivation is the singular mentor system under the unit organization in medical colleges in China. The substance of this system is the apprentice model belonging to European plan, and the main characteristic is the unbalanced relationship between the mentor and the graduate students. On the contrary, the actual institution of scientific research is the employer system in the universities in North America, and the key feature of this system is to allow the relationship between the mentor and the graduate students pluralistic and balanced. At present, “the employer system” is appearing with the evolvement of scientific research in the universities in China; however, it is significantly different from the one in North America. The employer system in North America is a model for efficient and optimal configuration of the research resources in the universities, which is the intellectual choice of research administration in the “great scientific research” era, while the employer system appearing in China is the product from the utilitarianism which is the signal of the utilitarian relationship between the mentor and the students. In order to improve the cultivation quality of graduate students, the redesign of the institution for the cultivation is needed in China.
出处
《高等工程教育研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2008年第2期117-123,共7页
Research in Higher Education of Engineering
基金
湖北省教育科学“十五”规划重点课题“湖北省研究生教育发展战略”(项目编号:A2004145)的研究成果
