摘要
病毒诱导的基因沉默"(virus-induced gene silencing,VIGS)一词最早用于描述被病毒侵染的植物的恢复"现象,是一种植物抗病毒侵染的自然机制,现在已被开发成通过插入目的基因片段的重组病毒抑制植物内源基因表达的遗传技术,用于基因功能分析.VIGS由小分子干扰RNA(small interfering RNA,siRNA)驱动,siRNA单链与RNA诱导的沉默复合物(RNA induced silencing complex,RISC)结合后,特异性地和与siRNA同源的靶标RNA结合,并降解RNA模板.已有源于15种不同类型病毒的VIGS载体得到开发和应用.在VIGS载体中插入的目的片段、重组VIGS病毒载体的植物导入方法、沉默处理时的寄主生育期、沉默处理后的植物培育条件等均显著影响VIGS的效率.作为一种新型的基因鉴定和功能研究技术工具,VIGS具有无需事先知道目的基因全长序列、获取表型迅速、无需构建转基因植株等诸多优点,已越来越广泛地被应用于植物基因功能研究.
The term ＇virus induced gene silencing （VIGS） was first used to describe the phenomenon of recovery from virus infection, a natural plant antiviral mechanism, which recently has been exploited as a genetic technique involving recombinant viruses with a target gene fragment insert to knock down expression of endogenous target genes, and thereby analyse gene functions. VIGS is triggered by small interfering RNA （siRNA）, whose single strand associates with RNA-induced silencing complex （RISC）, which specifically binds to and thereafter degrades target RNA that is homologous to the siRNA. Fifteen VIGS vectors have been exploited from different types of viruses. The VIGS efficiency is significantly affected by the fragment inserted into the vector, the method for vector delivery, the host developmental stage when used for VIGS induction and the growth conditions of plants after VIGS induction treatment. As a novel technical tool for gene identification and functional analysis, VIGS has many advantages such as no necessity to know full-length sequences of the target genes, rapidness to obtain phenotype and avoiding construction of transgenic plants, and thus has been applying more and more broadly and extensively to plant gene functional analysis.
出处
《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第2期119-131,共13页
Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(30671352
30771406)
浙江省自然科学基金杰出青年团队资助项目(R307396)
教育部霍英东教育基金会第十届高等院校青年教师基金资助项目(101032)
关键词
病毒诱导的基因沉默
机理
载体
沉默效率
功能基因组学
virus induced gene silencing
mechanism
vector
silence efficiency
functional genomics
