摘要
[目的]通过某公司年处理30万吨煤焦油加工装置的职业危害控制效果评价资料,分析焦油加工生产过程中的职业危害因素及其对劳动者健康的影响。[方法]按照《建设项目职业病危害评价规范》对评价内容进行逐项调查和分析。了解生产工艺的全过程,识别生产中存在的职业危害因素的种类以及劳动者接触的方式和时间。检测工作地点和劳动者个体接触职业病危害因素的浓度(强度),对检测结果进行统计分析。[结果]沥青油库巡检工火车卸车工作点的苯并(a)芘浓度为0.46×10-3mg/m3,超过限值2倍;焦油萘蒸馏巡检工焦油蒸馏装置三层巡检平台的苯并芘(a)浓度为0.3×10-3mg/m3,超过限值1倍;炭黑车间巡检工巡检位的噪声强度为99.1dB,超过了国家职业卫生限值;炭黑包装工工作地点的炭黑粉尘短时间接触浓度为19.3mg/m3,超过限值1倍。其余的检测结果均符合国家职业卫生限值。对接触职业病危害因素的215名劳动者进行了上岗前体检,结果未发现职业病患者和有职业禁忌证者。[结论]煤焦油生产过程主要在露天布置的密闭设备中,正常生产时工作场所中不易产生较高浓度的职业病危害因素,应当预防采样、检修及事故状态时有毒性物质对劳动者健康的影响,而生产过程中产生的多环芳烃对人体的危害也应当受到重视。
[Objective]According to the control effect evaluation data of the occupational hazards from a coal tar processing company which can dispose 300 000 tons coal tar every year. The style of the occupational hazards during the coal tar processing and equipment using were investigated and analyzed. The relationship between the occupational hazards and the health level of the labor were evaluated. [Methods]Based on the standard for the occupational hazards control effect evaluation in the constructive item, the evaluation contents were investigated and analyze step by step. The process of the production was investigated, the harmful factors and the contact mode and the duration were identified, the level of the occupational hazards in the workplace and the level of personal contact were detected then the result was analyzed statistically. [Results]The carbon dust concentration in casing post carbon workshop, the B（a）p concentration in some workplace of bitumen petroleum storage depot workshop and the noise before the furnace in carbon workshop can＇t meet the national occupational health standards. Most occupational harmful factors in workplace can meet the national occupational health standards. The carbon dust concentration in casing post carbon workshop,the B（a）p concentration in some workplace of bitumen petroleum storage depot workshop and the noise before the furnace in carbon workshop can not meet the national occupational health standards. The occupational sanitary requirement and the occupational health supervision can generally meet the related national standards. [Conclusion]Generally, the installation and the running effect of the safe guard for the occupational disease in this item is consistent with request of the national occupational health.
出处
《预防医学论坛》
2008年第2期116-118,共3页
Preventive Medicine Tribune
关键词
煤焦油
职业病
危害因素
健康危害
Coal tar processing
Occupational harmful factors
Health lesion
