摘要
垃圾按量收费是管制城市垃圾的最直接的环境经济政策。它根据垃圾排放量向居民征收(不同的)费用,从而实现有效率的资源配置。本文通过对城市居民的问卷调查,采用描述性统计分析、方差分析、回归分析等方法,对垃圾按量收费的政策效应进行实证研究,以期为中国垃圾按量收费政策的制定和实施提供借鉴。我们的研究旨在解决两个问题:一是测度垃圾按量收费政策的总体效应;二是考察垃圾按量收费政策对不同居民的效应差异。结果表明,从总体上看,超过半数的居民认为垃圾按量收费更合理,但多数人还是更喜欢每月固定收费;从对不同居民的具体分析看,中高收入者倾向认为垃圾按量收费更合理,年长者更喜欢每月固定收费。实行垃圾按量收费后,年轻者更可能减少倒垃圾的量,但也更可能偷偷倒垃圾。
Pay-as-you-throw （PAYT） is the direct environmental policy tool to rngniate Municipal Solid Waste（MSW）. By pricing garbage by the bag, PAYT can achieve efficient allocation. Through investigation and using descriptive analysis,one-way ANOVA（Analysis of Variance）, and regression analysis, this study was designed to measure effects of PAYT, thus to provide some lessons for the design of our public policy. This paper aims to two domains： （1）Measuring the total effects of PAYT policy; （2） Identifying demographic variables that underlie policy effects of PAYT. Our study shows that, on the whole,more than one half of residents consider that PAYT is more reasonable than fixed fees while most of them prefer the latter. To specify, the effects of PAYT vary among different residents. For example, rich people incline to the view that PAYT is more reasonable than fixed fees; older residents prefer fixed fees rather than PAYT. After the execution of PAYT program, young residents are more likely to reduce their volume of waste while they may execute iUegal dumping at the same time.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
2008年第2期187-192,共6页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
浙江省社科规划课题"城市生活垃圾减量化的激励性管制政策研究:理论
经验证据和实施对策"(07JDGZ06YB)的阶段性成果
