摘要
在多级能量异构无线传感器网络中,节点的初始能量在一定的范围内随机分布,负载均衡和降低能耗是能量异构网络成簇算法的一个重要挑战.现有的分布式成簇算法主要是针对能量同构或二级异构网络设计的,无法实现节点能量多级异构时的负载均衡,因此提出了适用于多级能量异构传感网络的负载均衡成簇算法LBCA(load balance clustering algorithm).LBCA根据传感器网络的能量分布情况选择簇头节点和实现负载均衡,可以有效地延长网络的稳定周期.簇头选择过程中,当探测区域能量分布均衡时,拥有较低平均通信能耗的节点将优先成为簇头节点,有利于降低探测区域内的总通信能耗;当探测区域能量分布不均衡时,具有较高剩余能量的节点将优先成为簇头节点,有利于实现探测区域内的负载均衡.将LBCA与主要的分布式成簇方案进行了比较,模拟实验结果显示,在多级能量异构传感器网络中,LBCA可以更好地实现负载均衡,极大地提高网络的稳定周期.
In multilevel heterogeneous wireless sensor networks, the initial energy of nodes are random distributed in a certain range, load balancing and energy efficiency are the significant challenges of clustering algorithm for energy heterogeneous networks. Current distributed clustering algorithm is mainly designed for homogeneous or two-level heterogeneous networks, and it is hard to implement load balancing when the nodes energy represents multilevel heterogeneity. So a load balance clustering algorithm LBCA （load balance clustering algorithm） for multilevel energy heterogeneous sensor networks is proposed. The algorithm select cluster head nodes and implements load balance according to the condition of energy distributing, and could prolong the stability period. In the process of cluster head selecting, when the energy is balanced in local area, the nodes which have the lower average communication cost are prior to be the cluster-head nodes, and it is propitious to decrease the total energy cost of local area. When the energy is imbalanced in local area, the high residual energy nodes are prior to be the cluster-head nodes, and it is propitious to implement load balancing. LBCA is compared with primary distributed clustering approach. The simulation results show that in multilevel energy heterogeneous networks, LBCA could better implement load balance and prolong the stability period.
出处
《计算机研究与发展》
EI
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第3期392-399,共8页
Journal of Computer Research and Development
基金
黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(F2004-06)
关键词
无线传感器网络
成簇
能量异构
负载均衡
路由
wireless sensor network
clustering
energy heterogeneous
load balancing
route
