摘要
在陇东半湿润易旱地区,通过大田试验,研究了限量补充灌溉及套作对冬小麦、玉米产量和水分利用效率(WUE)的影响,探讨了冬小麦套作玉米、单作冬小麦和单作玉米地土壤水分的时空动态及利用特性。结果表明,套作可显著提高冬小麦和玉米的产量和水分利用效率,套作耗水量较相应单作耗水量的加权平均增加了5.7%～7.3%,产量提高了52.8%～50.6%;限量补灌对套作和单作小麦的增产作用显著,对单作玉米的WUE也具有显著的提高作用,但对单作小麦和套作WUE的影响不显著;冬小麦套作玉米对水分利用的互补作用主要发生在冬小麦收获后,主要通过利用冬小麦带和深层水分提高利用效率,套作是既可提高旱农区当季降水利用率又可保留适宜底墒水平的高效种植模式。
A field experiment was carried out in the semi-humid but easily dry region of East Gansu Province. Objectives of the study were to explore the effects of limited supplementary irrigation （LSI） and strip intercropping on the yield and water utilization efficiency （WUE） of winter wheat intercropped with corn and investigate the characteristics of spatial and temporal distribution of soil moisture and its utilization in intercropped winter wheat and corn, single cropping winter wheat, and single cropping corn systems. Results show that strip intercropping can significantly increase the yield and WUE of winter wheat and corn, the weighted average of consumed water for intercropping is 5.7 % - 7.3 % more than that for the single crops, but the yield is increased by 52.8% - 50.6%. Compared with the non-irrigation treatments, LSI significantly increases the yields of intercropped or single cropping winter wheat, increases the WUE of the intercropped crops, slightly increase the WUE of single cropping crops, and increase the utilization efficiency of soil moisture in sowing. In intercropped winter wheat and corn system, the compensation for soil moisture is mainly take place after wheat harvesting, which is realized mainly through using the moisture stored in winter wheat strips and deep soil layers. Strip intercropping is a typical high efficient cropping pattern in the semi-humid but easy dry area and it can not only enhance the utilization efficiency of current seasonal precipitation but also retain certain amount of water for the next crop.
出处
《水土保持通报》
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第1期145-149,共5页
Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation
基金
“十五”国家科技攻关(2001BA508B11,2004BA508B09)
甘肃省中青基金(3YS061-A25-021)
关键词
旱农区
套作
限量补灌
水分利用效率
水分时空变异
rainfed agricultural area
strip intercropping
limited supplementary irrigation
water utilization efficiency （WUE）
spatial and temporal variation of soil moisture
