摘要
目的分析清远市鼠疫疫情、人群及媒介宿主动物监测情况,为制定鼠疫防治措施提供科学依据。方法在全市范围开展鼠疫疫情监测,在清新县设立人间和宿主动物间监测点,采集健康人血,捕捉活鼠进行血清学和病原学检验。对鼠密度和传播媒介鼠体蚤指数进行统计分析。结果2007年监测期间无鼠疫疫情和自毙鼠疫情报告;采集206份健康人血清进行鼠疫间接血球凝集试验(IHA-F1抗体)全部阴性;共捕获8种鼠形动物(活体和死体)381只,其中褐家鼠占70.52%,黄胸鼠占11.28%,板齿鼠占8.66%,黄毛鼠占3.41%,施氏屋顶鼠占3.15%:臭鼩鼱占1.57%,小家鼠占1.05%,青毛鼠占0.26%;家栖鼠占84.51%,野栖鼠占15.49%;雌雄鼠性别比例为1.31∶1;总鼠密度为10.76%,家栖鼠密度为10.14%,野栖鼠密度为11.33%;家栖鼠鼠体蚤指数为0.21,野栖鼠鼠体蚤指数为0.16。鼠体蚤总指数为0.2,印鼠客蚤指数为0.15,游离蚤总指数为0;采集活鼠血清318份进行鼠疫IHA-F1抗体检测全部阴性;对病变鼠脏器172份压印培养鼠疫杆菌,结果全部阴性。结论清新县主要鼠种是褐家鼠,主要蚤种是印鼠客蚤,暂未发现鼠类和人群的鼠疫感染情况。但仍存在鼠疫疫源地生态环境所具有的条件,应扩大监测范围,加强鼠疫相关宿主动物和传播媒介的监测工作。
Objective To analyze the plague epidemic data, monitoring results of people and host animals in Qingxin county in 2007, and to provide a scientific basis for plague prevention and control. Method The epidemic data of plague in Qingyuan was collected. Monitoring site for people and host animals in Qingxin county were set up. Serum samples were collected from health people and rats for the F1 antibody detection by IHA method. The organs of rats were used for plague cultivation. Result No sign of plague epidemic and death rat was reported in monitoring periods. Indirect hemorrhagic assay （IHA） was used to test the F1 antibody against plague in the serum samples of 206 healthy people, and the results were all negative. 381 rodents were captured and which were grouped into 8 species： Rattus norvegicus, Rattus flavipectus, Bandicota indica, Rattus rattoides, Rattus sladoni, Suneus murinus, Mus musculus, and Rattus bowersi, which were accounted for 70.52%, 11.28%, 8.66%, 3.41%, 3.15%, 1.57%, 1.05%, 0.52% and 0.26%, respectively. House rats and wild rats were accounted for 84.51% and 15.49%, respectively. Gender ratio （female：male） was 1.31：1. Total densities of rodents, house rats and wild rats were 10.76%, 10.14% and 11.33%, respectively. Total flea index of rodents, house rats, wild rats were 0.2, 0.21 and 0.16, respectively. The total free flea index was 0. The index for Xenopsylla cheopis was 0.15. F1 antibody was detected by IHA from 318 rat serum samples. The results of Yersinia pestis culture from 172 organs were all negative. Conclusion The major rodent species found in Qingxin county is Rattus norvegicus, and Xenopsylla cheopis is the dominant species of flea in these rats. No sign of plague epidemic among rats and people was found, but serious plague epidemic had occurred in the history of Qingyuan, so there are still conditions for plague transmission in Qingyuan, which request more monitor of hosts and vectors related to plague.
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2008年第2期166-168,共3页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
关键词
鼠疫
监测
分析
plague
monitoring
analysis
