摘要
碳纳米管作为一种纳米材料,具有独特的结构和性能,使其表现出特殊的力学、物理、化学、电学性能,以碳纳米管作增强体的聚合物复合材料具有广阔的应用前景,已成为近几年聚合物纳米复合材料研究的热点。但由于碳纳米管表面相对"惰性",很难在聚合物中分散,需对其表面进行改性。本文简要介绍了碳纳米管的结构与性能,综述了碳纳米管的表面改性方法,包括表面化学反应改性、表面活性剂改性、聚合物包覆改性等,并介绍了碳纳米管在改善聚合物力学性能、热性能、电学性能和摩擦性能等方面的应用进展,最后指出了其今后的研究方向。
Carbon nanotubes （CNTs） possess unique nanostructure and remarkable mechanical, physical, chemical and electronic properties. These properties make them attractive in many scientific and technological fields such as electronic structures, polymer composites and biological systems. Polymer/ CNTs composites have attracted considerable attention of scientists in recent years. However, the poor dispersion of CNTs in organic solvent hinders the realization of their full potential. To overcome this obstacle, the surface modification of CNTs becomes essential. In this paper, the structure and property of CNTs were briefly introduced. The methods of the surface modification of CNTs including chemical reaction, surface activation and polymer encapsulation were reviewed. The mechanical, thermal, electronic and friction properties of polymer/CNTs composites were introduced. In addition, the research direction of the application of CNTs was predicted.
出处
《中国塑料》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第1期14-19,共6页
China Plastics
基金
陕西省自然科学基金项目资助(2007B10)
关键词
碳纳米管
表面改性
聚合物
应用
carbon nanotube
surface modification
polymer
application
