摘要
小秦岭某金矿区由于矿业活动导致农田土壤重金属污染严重。本文选择了农业生产型、大气降尘型、河水灌溉型、矿业污水灌溉型、尾矿渣淋溶型等5类污染方式的典型土壤剖面,研究了垂向上重金属元素含量的分布特征、影响深度及程度。结果表明,不同污染方式条件下,土壤剖面上Hg、Pb、Cd、Cu、Zn综合污染程度以矿业污水灌溉型最为严重,且重金属淋溶下渗能力最大,其次为尾矿渣淋溶型。同一污染方式条件下,Hg的污染程度最为严重。60cm深度内,污水灌溉土壤中Hg的含量均值为10.778mg·kg-1,其次是大气降尘型2.536mg·kg-1和河水灌溉型1.766mg·kg-1。所有土壤剖面上重金属元素不同程度累积污染超标深度达60cm,因而仅仅采取就地深翻方式治理耕作层土壤污染,无法达到目的,这一结论为矿区耕作层土壤污染治理提供了科学依据。
The cropland soil in Xiaoqinling gold mining area was seriously polluted by heavy metals because of the mining industry. 5 typical soil profiles, fanning type, atoms dust-fall type, river irrigation type, mining sewage irrigation type and tailings wastes eluviation type, were selected to study the distribution feature of heavy metals and their influencing depth and degree in vertical direction. The results showed that, among different types of polluted soil, the mining sewage irrigation type had the highest synthetic pollution degree of Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu and Zn, with the largest leaching and infiltration capability of heavy metals, the second was tailings wastes eluviation type. The pollution degree of Hg was the most serious in same pollution type. Within depth of 60 cm, the content of Hg was 10.778 mg·kg^-1 in the sewage irrigation soil, 2.536 mg·kg^-1 in the atoms dust-fall soil, 1.766 mg·kg^-1 in river irrigation soil. But in all the profiles, the accumulated sub-standard depth of heavy metals was up to 60 cm. Therefore, the aim of restoring topsoil can not be achieved by merely ploughing soil deeply in the same place. These would provide scientific foundation for restoring topsoil pollution in mining area.
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2008年第1期200-206,共7页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
国土资源部"重点矿区环境地质问题专题调查"(200412300057)
国土资源部"陕西潼关金矿区环境地质问题专题调查"(200412300057-1)
关键词
土壤剖面
重金属污染:小秦岭金矿区
soil profile
heavy metal pollution
Xiaoqinling gold mining area
