摘要
目的:观测正常大鼠及家兔面神经的颅外段主干及分支的解剖及组织学指标,研究并评价两种实验动物模型在面神经缺损修复中的应用特点。方法:在手术显微镜下解剖大鼠与家兔双侧面神经,游标卡尺测量各分支的长度、中点外径。改良特殊三色法染色,在光学显微镜观察细胞、轴突、髓鞘形态。结果:大鼠和家兔面神经出茎乳孔后分为颞支、颧支、颊支、下颌缘支和颈支至面部表情肌。大鼠5个主要分支共干发出,而家兔颞支和颧支由颞面干发出;颊支分叉较多,分为上下颊支,行至口角。大鼠各分支神经束较少,多为2～3束,而家兔神经束平均为9束。结论:家兔表情肌活动较明显,应选择家兔作为面神经缺损修复动物模型;大鼠面神经各分支分叉少,可用于病理学及组织学的研究。在分支的选取上首先考虑面神经颊支和下颌缘支。
Objective： To investigate the conformation, courser and the facial nerve branches of rats and rabbits and to provide the data for the experimental research on the repair of facial nerve defect. Methods： The facial nerve and branches were measured and dissected, then observed in light microscope after modified trichrome staining. Results： The facial nerve trunk of the two models come out from stylomastoid foramen, then go forward along the surface of jugomaxillary muscle, divided into temporal branch, zygomatic branch, buccal branch, marginal mandibular branch and cervical branch, then end to the facial muscle respectively. In rats, the five branches all come from the trunk while in rabbits, temporal and zygomatie branch are from the temporal facial trunk, and there are several furcations in buccal branch of the rabbit. There are 2 or 3 bundles in one branch in rat＇s facial nerve, while about 9 bundles in rabbits. Conclusion： Buecal and marginal mandibular branch of the facial nerve are suitable for the experiment of injury and regeneration model. Rat is suitable for pathological and histological study of the facial nerve for its fewer branch furcation, while the rabbit model is more fit for functional examination.
出处
《口腔医学研究》
CAS
CSCD
2007年第6期640-642,共3页
Journal of Oral Science Research
关键词
大鼠
家兔
面神经
动物模型
Rat Rabbit Facial nerve Animal model
