摘要
目的了解甘肃省流行性腮腺炎的流行现状和流行病学特征，探索防治的措施。方法采用描述性研究方法，利用甘肃省法定传染病报告系统和公共卫生突发事件报告系统的腮腺炎疫情资料进行回顾性的分析。结果2004-2006年共报告腮腺炎病例16490例，年平均发病率为21．19／10万。全年每月均有发病，发病有明显的季节性，每年的春末夏初和冬季为两个发病高峰。青少年为腮腺炎的高发人群，10-15岁发病率最高。甘肃省的中部、东南部地区发病率普遍高于河西地区。腮腺炎发病有明显的职业特征，学生和儿童为高发群体。男、女性别比平均为1．56：1。腮腺炎暴发疫情占全省丙类传染病突发事件的53．64％，占暴发总病例数的35．26％。腮腺炎暴发农村地区明显高于城市地区。结论腮腺炎已成为危害儿童、青少年健康的主要传染病之一，而且发病呈急剧上升的趋势。建议制定腮腺炎疫苗接种的免疫策略，在腮腺炎流行季节来临前在易感人群中开展预防接种，提高其免疫水平。在托幼机构、中小学校及时启动晨检制度，开展健康教育。建立建全疫情报告制度，加强监测工作，有效的控制流行性腮腺炎疫情。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological status and characteristics of mumps in Gansu province, and explore the preventive measures. Methods Based on the data of infectious diseases of Gansu province, a retrospective analysis was conducted. Results 16490 mumps cases were reported from 2004 to 2006 , and the average annual incidence rate was 21.19 per 100000. Though occurred in every month, mumps had obvious seasonal character, which reached the peaks in early summer and winter. The teenagers aged 10 - 15 are the most susceptible population. Mumps had the regional character that the incidence rates in middle and southeastern regions were higher than those of the others in Gansu province. Mumps had the evident occupational character. The ratio of maleto female was 1.56：1. The amount of emergencies of mumps accounted for 53.64% of all tertiary emergencies of infectious diseases, and the mumps cases account for 35.26% of all outbreak cases in Gansu province. Moreover, the outbreaks of mumps in country area were evidently more than those in urban area. Conclusion The mumps was one of the severe and harmful infectious diseases to children and teenagers, and it had the drastically ascending trend. It is advisable to establish the vaccine immunization strategy of mumps and execute immunization among the susceptible population. Carrying out healthy education, constituting and improving the reporting system and intensifying the surveillance of mumps are also necessary.
出处
《中国自然医学杂志》
CAS
2007年第6期471-473,共3页
Chinese Journal of Natural Medicine
