摘要
在中国封建时代,由于社会经济以农业生产为主,以及庞大的农村人口的存在,社会救助主要体现为与人们生产、生活密切相关的灾荒救助与贫困扶助。在救灾与济贫这两大任务之中,前者被放在更加突出的位置。对灾害的防备,以及灾后的救助工作,始终是历代封建王朝社会救助活动的基本内容。而各种救助活动得以开展,除了封建国家一直处于主导地位外,民间社会与政府共同参与是其主要特征。19世纪中叶以后,中国社会开始步入重要的历史转折时期,政治、经济、文化、思想观念等均发生前所未有的深刻变化。传统的社会救助活动,因应时代的发展,在其形式、内容、行为观念等方面,也呈现出新的特征与状态。中国社会的近代化进程,农业文明向工业文明的过渡,直接促成了中国社会救助活动由传统向现代的转变。
In the feudal time in China, social succor is chiefly in the ways of sending relief to the famine areas and help the poor, which is directly related to people＇s life and production. Various kinds of succor activities are carried out, that the civil society joined the government is the main feature, aside from the state as the mainline. Since mid-19th century, the traditional succor activity has been changed along with the time, and saw the new features and situation. The process of modernization in Chinese society has directly given impetus to the succor in Chinese society for its transformation from tradition to a modern form.
出处
《学术月刊》
CSSCI
北大核心
2007年第12期120-128,共9页
Academic Monthly
关键词
社会救助
近代转型
救荒
济贫
social succor, modern transformation, relief the famine, help the poor
