摘要
上海地区光能总辐射、直接辐射、日照时数、日照百分率、光合有效辐射、平均日照百分率较前30年减小,散射辐射与光热生产潜力增加。平均气温、极端最高最低气温、平均最高最低气温、5 cm深度的地温、≥3℃和≥10℃有效积温均升高;年降雨量增加;郊区蒸发量呈逐渐上升趋势,大气相对湿度下降。上海城市热岛现象明显。气候条件对上海地区水稻、油菜和蔬菜的产量有较大影响。
The total radiation, direct radiation, sunshine hours, sunshine percentage, photosynthetic active radiation and mean sunshine percentage in Shanghai area in recent years （1991 - 2003） were lower than those in 1961 - 1990, while the scattered radiation and the potentiality of photosyn- thetic production increased. In recent years the mean air temperature, extreme maximum and mini- mum air temperatures, mean maximum and minimum air temperatures, 5 cm depth ground temperature, and effective accumulated temperatures of ≥3 ℃ and≥ 10℃ increased. The annual precipitation increased, and the annual evaporation in the suburbs also tended upwards, but the air relative humidity decreased. The heat island effect was obvious in Shanghai area. The climatic conditions greatly influenced the yields of rice, rape and vegetables in Shanghai area. The plants could improve the air temperature and air humidity. The agricultural production should be made to adapt well to the climatic change.
出处
《上海农业学报》
CSCD
2007年第4期95-99,共5页
Acta Agriculturae Shanghai
关键词
农业气象
上海地区
光能变化
温度变化
降水与蒸发
热岛效应
Agrometeorology
Shanghai
Change of light energy
Change of temperature
Precipitation and evaporation
Heat island effect
