摘要
目的分析近年来云南省狂犬病流行特征,探讨发病率回升的因素及存在问题并提出相应的防制措施。方法对1995-2006年云南省狂犬病疫情报告、病例调查及监测资料进行分析。结果1995-2006年云南省狂犬病发病95例,死亡95例,病死率100%、除1995、1996、1998年3年无病例报告外,其余各年均有病例发生,发病呈逐年增长趋势,以5～10月份相对较多,占73.7%。全省有11个州(市)报告病例,其中文山、曲靖、德宏等3个州(市)是主要发病地区,集中了79%的病例。发病最多为农民(52.6%),其次是学生(23.2%);年龄最小的2岁,最大的65岁,男女性别比为25:1。病例以犬伤为主,70%以上未进行任何伤口处理和免疫接种。结论云南省狂犬病呈快速增长趋势。领导重视不够,犬只数量增多且缺乏监管,犬只免疫率极低,伤后大多未进行伤口处理和免疫接种等是狂犬病发病率回升的主要原因,今后应加强以上各方面的工作。
Objective The study was conducted to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of rabies in Yunnan Province in recent years and uncover the factors contributing to the picking-up incidence and underlying problems,proposing appropriate control measures.Methods The epidemic reporting,case investigation and surveillance data of rabies during 1995-2006 in Yunnan were collected for analysis.Results There were 95 cases of rabies during 1995-2006 in Yunnan,and 95 of them died,the mortality being 100%.The cases occurred in each year except 1995,1996,and 1998. The incidence was gradually increasing and relatively high during May to October,which accounted for 73.7%.Cases were reported in 11 states（cities）in the province,where 79% of the cases were predominantly found in Wenshan,Qujing,Dehong.The highest incidence was found among farmers （52.6%）,followed by students（23.2%）.The youngest affected was aged 2,while the oldest 65.The male to female ratio was 2.5：1.The most common cause was dog bites,though more than 70% of the cases did not receive wound treatment or immunization.Conclusion The incidence of rabies in Yunnan presented a rapidly rising trend.The main reasons might have been insufficient attention paid by the leader class,increasing number of dogs with lack of supervision,low immunization rate of dogs, and lack of appropriate wound treatment and immunization after dog bites.Further efforts were left to be made.
出处
《疾病监测》
CAS
2007年第10期659-661,共3页
Disease Surveillance
关键词
狂犬病
流行特征
防制对策
rabies
epidemiological characteristics
control strategy
