摘要
【研究目的】研究西瓜枯萎病菌在植株体内数量分布及其扩展规律。【方法】在福建省永泰的西瓜地调查了枯萎病不同发病级别西瓜植株的生长状态,以及尖孢镰刀菌在根际土壤和植株体内的分布情况。【结果】随着枯萎病病情的发展,枯萎病显著地影响着植株的生长态势,地上部和地下部的生长都受到抑制。健株平均蔓长较发病植株的蔓长15.5～205.4cm,地下部根长比1级和3级植株分别长0.3cm和8.6cm。在同一块田地中,西瓜健株与枯萎病病株的根际土壤均存在着枯萎病菌尖孢镰刀菌,病原菌的数量与发病程度并无明显相关性。但是,西瓜健康植株仅在根部检测到尖孢镰刀菌,发病初期的植株在根部和主茎基部检测到尖孢镰刀菌,而发病中期植株是在根、主茎基部和茎蔓中部检测到尖孢镰刀菌;植株根部的尖孢镰刀菌数量表现为发病中期植株>发病初期植株>健康植株,分别为3.97×103cfu/g、2.07×103cfu/g和0.27×103cfu/g。【结论】病株内的尖孢镰刀菌的数量与病情呈现正相关,菌体有自下而上的扩展连续性。
[OBJECT]To study the distribution of Fusarium oxysporum inside watermelon plant and its development rule. [METHOD]The experiment was conducted in the watermelon field at Yongtai, Fujian, China. The growth states of watermelon plants with different disease degrees of wilt disease were investigated, as well as the distribution of F. oxysporum at the rhizospheric soils and inside the plants. [RESULTS]As disease developing, it influenced significantly the growth of the watermelon plants. F. oxysporum existed both at the rhizospheric soils of ill and healthy plants, while no significant difference was found among the fungi＇s numbers. However, F. oxysporum was detected only at the root of the healthy plants, whereas they were found at both the root and the bottom of stem of the plants at the early stage of the disease, as well as at the root, bottom of stem and the middle part of stem of the plants at the middle stage of the disease. The numbers of F. oxysporum were 3.97×10^3cfu/g-2.07×10^3cfu/g and 0.27×10^3cfu/g inside the root of plants at the middle stage of disease, the early stage of disease and the healthy plants, respectively. [CONCLUSION]The number of F. oxysporum inside the watermelon plant related positively to the disease degree, and the fungus had a developing continuity from the bottom to the top.
出处
《中国农学通报》
CSCD
2007年第12期302-305,共4页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)"茄科作物青枯病和枯萎病生防菌剂的研究与应用"(2006AA10A211)
福建省自然科学基金"内生生防菌短芽孢杆菌GFP标记及其对黄瓜枯萎病生防机理的研究"(2006J0068)
福建省发改委重点项目"生物农药高毒力菌株筛选利用与菌种基因资源库的建立"(闽发改投资[2006]781号)
福建省科技厅闽宁合作项目"枯萎病生物杀菌剂-护根宝在宁夏地区的推广应用"(2004Y034)。
关键词
尖孢镰刀菌
西瓜枯萎病
病程
fusarium oxysporum, wilt disease of watermelon, course of Disease
