摘要
为全面了解青海湖裸鲤遗传多样性现状,采用水平淀粉凝胶电泳技术分析了青海湖裸鲤[样品采自青海湖的五条支流,分别为泉吉河(QJ)、沙柳河(SL)、哈尔盖河(HEG)、布哈河(BH)以及甘子河(GZ)]的13种同工酶,共记录26个位点,统计了基因频率,计算了其遗传多样性。结果表明:26个基因位点中多态位点6个,分别为Pgm、Hk、Cat、Gdh、Es-t1、S-Mdh,多态位点比例(P0.99)为23.08%,表明青海湖裸鲤的五个群体皆具有较高的遗传多样性水平;分别计算了五个群体的平均杂合度(H)为0.1161(HEG)、0.1178(GZ)、0.1304(SL)、0.1305(BH)、0.1287(QJ),多态位点比例(Ae)分别为1.3112(BH)、1.3069(SL)、1.2542(GZ)、1.2492(HEG)、1.2453(QJ);除泉吉河群体外,其它四个群体的遗传偏离指数均为负数,表明多数群体处于一定程度的杂合子缺失状态;计算了五个群体间的遗传距离以及遗传相似度,结果显示群体间遗传距离与遗传相似度与各个河流的地理位置具有很强的相关性;根据五个群体的遗传距离进行了聚类分析,通过构建系统树图将其基本分为两大种群,甘子河与哈尔盖河两群体为一类群,另外三个群体分为一个类群;计算群体间的基因流(Nm)为7.2013,说明河道之间具有较为广泛的基因交流,并计算了两两群体间的基因流,其中布哈河群体与其它群体间的基因交流都较为广泛。
Samples of Lake Qinghai naked carp Gymnocypris przewalskii were collected from five distributaries of Lake Qinghai-Buha river （BH）, Quanji river （QJ）, Shaliu river （SL）, Ganzi river （GZ） and Haergai river （HEG） in July, 2005. Thirteen isozymes coded by 26 gene loci were analyzed by starch gel electmphoresis, and allele frequencies of each locus in five populations were calculated. The results showed that six loci （Pgm, Hk, Cat, Gdh, Est-1 and S-Mdh） were polymorphic in five populations. The proportion of polymorphic loci was 23.08%, the results showed that samples from the five locations exhibit high genetic diversity. Average hetemzygosities were 0.1161 （HEG）, 0.1178 （GZ）, 0.1304 （SL）, 0.1305 （BH）, 0.1287 （QJ） respectively, and the average effectivenumbersofalleles were 1.3112 （BH）, 1.3069 （SL）, 1.2542 （GZ）, 1.2492 （HEG）, 1.2453 （QJ） . Buha River is the biggest of five rivers, and more genetic variation is shown in the BH population. Heterozygotis deficiency was detected in all populations except for the QJ population. A dendrogram was constructed with data derived from Nei＇ s genetic distance using UPGMA cluster analysis. Results showed that SL and QJ were clustered and then clustered with BH. GZ and HEG were clustered. Gene flow （N,） was 7.2013, indicating there was wide gene flow among the five populations. All these results indicate that the Lake Qinghai naked carp has high genetic variability and it is worthy of protection .
出处
《动物学报》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第5期892-898,共7页
ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA
基金
青海省科技厅"青海湖裸鲤研究重点实验室"项目~~
关键词
青海湖裸鲤
同工酶
遗传变异
Qinghai-Lake naked carp
Gymnocypris przewalskii
Isozyme
Genetic variation
