摘要
【目的】分析由不同放养密度引起的密度胁迫对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vanname)生长和非特异性免疫因子的影响,以及主要水质因子的变化特点,探讨密度胁迫与水质因子对工厂化高密度养殖条件下对虾生长的作用机制。【方法】设置2个养殖系统,第一系统设置150、300、600和900尾/m34个养殖密度,形成密度胁迫梯度;第二系统采用较低养殖密度(30尾/m3),养殖用水来自对应的第一系统的排放废水,目的是分离水质因子与密度胁迫对对虾生长的影响。【结果】第一系统各处理凡纳滨对虾的体长增长、体重增长、存活率、SGRL和SGRW均受养殖密度的显著影响(P<0.05),表现为各项指标随养殖密度的增加而降低。第二系统的存活率、体长增长、体重增长、酚氧化酶(PO)活力、过氧化物酶(POD)活力、抗菌活力(Ua)和溶菌活力(Ul)高于第一系统对应处理,而超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力低于第一系统,系统间水质因子的差异不显著。【结论】凡纳滨对虾(体长<7.6cm或体重<6.1g)养殖密度为150～900尾/m3时,造成对虾生长和非特异性免疫因子差异的主要原因是密度胁迫,水质因子的作用是次要的。
【Objective】In this study,effects of intensity-stress on the growth and non-specific immunity factors of shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei,were analyzed,and variance of water quality factors were detected.The purpose was to discuss functions of intensity-stress and water quality factors on shrimp growth in super-intensive cultures.【Method】 Two culture systems were designed to classify the effects of intensity-stress and water quality factors on the growth of shrimp.In the first system,shrimps were cultured at 150,300,600 and 900 individuals/m^3.In the second system,shrimps were cultured（30 individuals/m^3）with water drained from the corresponding treatment of the first system.The length and weight gain,survival rate and non-specific immunity factors（PO、SOD、POD、Ua and Ul）activities of shrimp were determined.【Result】 Shrimp weight and length gain,survival rate,special length growth rate（SGRL）and special weight growth rate（SGRW）reduced with the increase of stocking intensity in the first system.Survival rate,weight and length gain,the activities of PO、POD、Ua and Ul in the second system were higher than those in the first system,but SOD activity in the first system was higher than that of the second system.There are no significant differences in water quality factors（TAN、NO2-N、NO3-N and PO4-P et al.）between the two systems.【Conclusion】When stocking density of Litopenaeus vanname（the length〈7.6 cm or the weight〈6.1 g）were from 150 individuals/m^3 to 900 individuals/m^3,intensity-stress was the main reason to cause the differences of shrimp growth and enzyme activities in the two systems,the function of water quality factors was secondary.
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第9期2091-2096,共6页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
农业科技跨越计划(2003-5)
国家科技攻关计划(2004BA526B0201)
青岛农业大学人才基金(630628)
关键词
凡纳滨对虾
密度胁迫
水质因子
生长
非特异性免疫因子
Litopenaeus vannamei
Intensity-stress
Water quality factor
Growth
Non-specific immunity factor
