摘要
自然灾害的研究者们开始注意到"社会资本"这一社会结构性资源在灾害治理中扮演着重要的角色。本研究根据大型经验社会调查结果,全面分析了微观和宏观两个层面的社会资本在受灾社区居民灾后恢复过程中的作用。研究发现:受灾居民在灾后恢复期间可利用嵌入于自己社会网络中的资源获得正式和非正式支持,从而更快更好地恢复正常生活。但同样的社会网络会对人们不同类型的活动产生不同的结果。社会弱势群体更加依赖于自己的强关系网络,这可能对其经济恢复带来不利影响。就宏观社会资本的作用而言,居民的信任对灾后恢复起着相当积极的作用,而居民的社会参与的作用则较为复杂。有鉴于此,在制定灾害治理政策时,应考虑对弱势群体的政策倾斜,同时应充分利用当地已有的社会网络和社会组织,动员当地居民积极参与到灾后重建的工作中来。
Researchers of natural disasters have begun to notice the important role of social capital in the governance of disaster. Based on the data of a large-scale social survey in 11 provinces in western China, this article thoroughly studies how social capital, both in micro and macro level, helps the disaster victims to recover from disasters. The results show that disaster victims are actively using their social capital embedded in personal networks to get formal and informal support to get a sooner and better recover from disasters. However, social networks have different impacts on different types of social action. Vulnerable social groups are more dependent on their strong-ties networks, which may bring about negative influences to their recovery. As for macro-level social capital, trust plays a positive role in disaster recovery, while the role of social participation is more complex. Based on these results, the article suggests that policy makers should pay special attention to the vulnerable groups in the governance of disaster, and make full use of existing local social networks and social associations to mobilize the public to actively participate in re-construction of the disaster-influenced area.
出处
《社会学研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2007年第5期164-187,共24页
Sociological Studies
