摘要
目的探讨对危重患者进行腹泻危险性评估后,实施有针对性地综合护理干预对缓解危重患者腹泻的效果。方法收集2004年6月-2006年5月入住ICU且无原发胃肠道疾病的患者807例,应用自行设计的“危重患者腹泻危险性评估表”对患者腹泻危险性进行动态评估,并观察记录患者腹泻发生情况,筛选出危险性评分〉20分的患者296例,随机分为干预组152例和对照组144例。对照组实施常规护理,未进行干预。干预组实施综合护理干预措施,比较2组患者的腹泻发生率,抗生素相关性腹泻发生率,腹泻相关并发症的发生率,及患者家属的满意度。结果干预组腹泻发生率、抗生素相关性腹泻发生率、与腹泻相关并发症发生率显著低于对照组,P〈0.05,差异有统计学意义;患者家属的满意度则干预组显著高于对照组,差异有统计学意义,P〈0.05。结论对危重患者腹泻危险性进行早期科学评估,对危险性大者提早采取综合护理干预措施,可有效降低腹泻发生率、减少并发症的发生、提高患者家属满意度。
Objective In order to know the effects of releasing diarrhea for severity patients by general nursing intervention according to related evaluation. Methods Collected 807 severity patients, and then selected 296 cases whose hazard scores was over 20 by severity patients diarrhea evaluated scale, divided them into the intervention group （152 cases） and control group （144 cases） randomly. Routine nursing cares was used in control group, while general nursing intervention was used in intervention group. Compared the incidence rate of diarrhea, antibiotic-associated colitis, diarrhea-related complications and patients＇ satisfactory. Results The incidence rate of diarrhea, antibiotic-associated colitis and diarrhea-related complicationsn was significant higher in control group than that of in intervention group respectively, P〈0.05. The patients＇ satisfactory in intervention group was higher than that of in control group, P〈0.05. Conclusion General nursing intervetion according to the results of diarrhea evaluation for severity patients can effective low down the incidence rate of certain complications, and then improve the quality of life of patients.
基金
聊城市科技局基金资助课题（2006第123号）
关键词
危重患者
腹泻
评估
护理干预
Severy patients
Diarrhea
Evaluation
Nursing intervention
