摘要
目的了解ICU重危患者家属的需求，实施有针对性的护理。方法采用文献回顾，包括定量和定性研究。结果家属需求分为认知、情感、社会和工具四类。信息是共性的需求。情感需求中感到有希望、病情保证和待在患者身边极为重要。家属将患者放在首位，因而极少关注自己。医护人员常低估了家属的需求。结论ICU患者家属的需求满足状况有待进一步改善。准确评估家属的需求，提供确切易懂的信息，给予个性化的探视时间，有利于家属需求的满足。
Objective To insight into the needs of family members of critically ill patients and provide an appropriate Care for them. Methods We adopted the method of literature review, concluding qualitative studies as well as quantitative studies. Results Needs were divided into four categories： cognitive, emotional, social and practical needs. The need for information was common. Emotional needs as seeing a hope, reassurance for the status of the disease and being able to remain in the vicinity of the patient were crucial. Family members always gave priority to the patient. They often did not pay attention to themselves. Caregivers underestimated the needs of family members. Conclusions The needs of family members in the ICU are not sufficiently met. Assessing the needs well, providing accurate and comprehensible information, and offering individually visiting hours can benefit to meet the needs of the family members of the patients.
