摘要
利用1971-2005年气象站观测资料,借助EXCEL建立热量指标空间分析模型,在GIS支持下,生成晋中市50 m×50 m网格上的温度和积温分布数字图像,对该市热量资源的分布进行了系统评估。结果表明,1月极端最低气温的分布受地形因子的影响,较为复杂。年平均气温、7月平均气温以及日平均气温稳定通过0℃、10℃和15℃,期间积温的分布主要受海拔高度的影响,其垂直递减率分别为0.662℃/100 m、0.728℃/100 m以及183.277℃/100 m、200.744℃/100 m和209.393℃/100 m。随着海拔高度的升高,各级界限温度的开始日期推后,结束日期提前,间隔日数缩短,热量资源越显贫乏。在进行热量资源评估的同时,就当地几种主要种植作物的适宜分布进行了分析,最后依据玉米对热量资源的需求,给出玉米种植区划。GIS的成功运用,更好地显示出由于地形地貌特殊造成的热量资源空间分布差异,可为半干旱山区其它农业气候资源的分析研究提供思路,进而为特色农业的合理布局和系统规划提供科学依据。
Making full use of the meteorological observation data from 1971 to 2005, the spatial analysis models of heat factors were built up in virtue of EXCEL. The heat factors include the annual mean temperature, the monthly mean temperature in .July, the extreme minimum temperature in January, and the accumulated temperature with characteristic temperature （ ≥0 ℃, ≥10℃ and ≥ 15℃ ）. On the basis of ArcGis8.3, the digital maps were formed on the scale of 50 m × 50 m grid by applying the models discribed-above. According to the digital maps, the heat resource in Jinzhong City was assessed systematically. The results showed that the distribution of the extreme minimum temperature in January was influenced by longitude, latitude and altitude. But the distribution of other heat factors was influenced mainly by altitude. And their vertical temperature gradients were 0. 662 ℃/100 m, 0.728 ℃/100 m, 183. 277 ℃/100 m,200.744 ℃/100 m and 209.393 ℃/100 m, respectively. With the increase in altitude, the beginning date of each level characteristic temperature would be delayed, while the ending date would be moved up, so the interval days would be shortened and the heat resource would get less and less. After analyzing the suitable distribution of several kinds of local main crops, according to the requirement of heat resource for corn, the planting division of corn was taken up. With the help of GIS, the difference of the heat resource spatial distribution caused by the special landform was represented more carefully and successfully. The results mentioned-above are significant to research other agriculture climate factors in the semi-arid mountainous areas and provide scientific evidence for the reasonable distribution and systematical programming of characteristic agriculture.
出处
《干旱区地理》
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第4期579-584,共6页
Arid Land Geography
基金
山西省气象局研究项目(0622)
关键词
GIS
半干旱山区
热量资源
评估
GIS
semi-arid mountainous area
thermal resource
evaluation
