摘要
目的探讨临床感染标本葡萄球菌属的分布特点及其耐药状况。方法对医院细菌室2001年1月-2004年12月,分离菌鉴定为葡萄球菌属的病原学和药敏试验结果进行回顾性分析。结果4年共分离病原菌1446株,其中葡萄球菌属11种297株(20.5%),金黄色葡萄球菌(40.7%)、表皮葡萄球菌(29.6%)、溶血葡萄球菌(8.0%)、腐生葡萄球菌腐生亚种(4.7%)、人葡萄球菌(4.3%)居前5位;121株金黄色葡萄球菌中耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)占82株(67.8%);176株凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌中耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)占112株(63.6%);MRSA、MRCNS除对利福平、氯霉素耐药率较低外(<38.0%),对所选其他抗菌药物耐药率较高(>55.0%),且表现多重耐药;而甲氧西林敏感葡萄球菌(MSS)除对青霉素G、大环内酯类、复方新诺明耐药率较高外(>40.0%),对所选其他抗菌药物则表现出良好抗菌活性,未发现耐万古霉素葡萄球菌。结论加强临床感染标本葡萄球菌属的分离鉴定尤其加强MRS检测,依据药敏试验合理使用抗菌药物非常重要。
OBJECTIVE To investigate the classification, distribution and antibiotic resistance of clinical isolated Staphylococcus. METHODS To retrospectively analyze the pathogens and the results of drug susceptibility tests of clinical isolated Staphylococcus during from 2001 to 2004. RESULTS Totally 1446 strains of the clinical isolates were isolated in 4 years. From them 297 strains （11 species） were the Staphylococcus spp. The first five species of Staphylococcus were S. aureus（40.7%）, S. epidermidis（29.6%）, S. haemolyticus（8.0%）, S. saprophytlcus subsp saprophytlcus （4. 7%）, and S. hominis（4. 3%）; MRSA and MRCNS were accounted for 67. 8% and 63.6%, respectively; the resistance rate of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus （MRS） to antibiotic was higher than 55% except for that to rifampicin and chloramphenicol was lower than 38%. They were diversified resistance. There were better anti-bacterium activation of meticillin sensitive Staphylococcus （MSS） to antibiotic except for that the resistance rate to penicillin, macrolides and trimethoprim/sulfamesoxazole was higher than 40%. No resistance to vancomycin among the strains of Staphylococcus was found. CONCLUSIONS Identification of Staphylococcus spp and detection of MRS must be strengthened. Using antimicrobial agents rationally is very important on the basis of antimicrobial susceptibility test.
出处
《中华医院感染学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第7期881-884,共4页
Chinese Journal of Nosocomiology
关键词
葡萄球菌属
甲氧西林
耐药性
合理用药
Staphylococcus
Meticillin
Drug-resistance
Rational using of drugs
