摘要
过去常常把干旱和农业欠收联系在一起,随着人口增长、经济发展,工农业用水、生活用水愈來愈紧张。河流断流、湖泊萎缩、地下水位下降这些环境干旱的表现和农业干旱并不同步,在一些环境干旱很严重的年份,农业仍可以丰收。许多解决农业干旱的重要手段,如打井灌溉等,其实正是加重了环境干旱。因此,对环境干旱和农业干旱应当分别研究,分别监测。本文介绍了我们在乾安县使用大孔径闪烁仪监测环境干旱的情况。环境干旱是水分平衡的直接反应,在水分平衡有关各项中最难得到的是实际蒸散量。使用大孔径闪烁仪可测到显热通量,从而计祘出蒸散量。通过长期观测干旱地区的蒸散量、降水量和迳流量,就可以计祘岀水分的盈亏,掌握水分平衡状况。文中还简要介绍了使用涡动相关法、梯度法测量显热通量的有关问题。
In the past drought is often related with poor harvest. With the growth of population, the development of economed water resources are getting shorter and shorter. It is not the same step between the performances of river break, lake atrophy, underground water level descent and agricultural drought. In some years of serious environment drought, agriculture can still harvest. The important methods of solving agricultural drought, as a matter of face, strengthen the environment drought. Such as, dig well to irrigation. Therefore, we should research and inspect environment drought and agricultural drought respectively. This text introduces the circumstances of using big bore twinkling instrument to inspect environment drought in Qian＇an country.
The environment drought responses the water balance directly, it is hardest to obtain actual evaporation value among all the items of water balance. It can calculate evaporation value by using big bore twinkling instrument. According to the long period observing evaporation value, rainfall and flowing value of drought area, we can calculate profit and loss of water, so as to master the condition of water balance. The text briefly introduces relative problems of turbo relevant method and gradient measurement.
出处
《气象水文海洋仪器》
2007年第2期27-30,共4页
Meteorological,Hydrological and Marine Instruments
关键词
LAS环境干旱
监测
the LAS environment drought
monitor
