摘要
为了明确云南铁壳麦亚种在小麦品质改良中的作用，用单籽粒谷物硬度测定仪对36份云南铁壳麦的籽粒硬度及其单籽粒硬度的频率分布进行了分析。结果表明，云南铁壳麦籽粒硬度变幅为7．3±15．9～70．9±19．6，其中硬质麦31份（1级17份、2级14份）、混合麦2份（2级1份，3级1份）、软质麦3份（均为5级），硬质、混合和软质麦类型比例分别为86．1％、5．6％和8．3％；硬质类型云南铁壳麦的平均硬度为62．0，没有极硬的类型；有2份临沧铁壳麦（A14，A21）属极软类型。籽粒硬度的分类与不同硬度范围单籽粒频率分布及硬度均值有关，硬质云南铁壳麦硬度低于46的籽粒占5％～20％，高于47的籽粒比例为74％～95％，硬度均值55．7±14．0～70．9±19．6，绝大部分一致性较好；2份混合型云南铁壳麦（云0005、云0007）硬度指数低于46的籽粒分别占29％和30％，高于47的籽粒分别占70％和71％，硬度值为53．7±17．2和55．7±17．8，一致性最差；软质麦硬度指数低于46的籽粒占98％～100％，高于47的籽粒占0～2％，硬度均值为7．3±15．9～16．6±13．5，一致性最好。籽粒硬度分析表明，云南铁壳麦中既具有加工优质面条、馒头等所需的硬度等级，又具有软质小麦改良的亲本材料。
Abstract. Triticum aestivum ssp. yunnanense King, called the Yunnan Hulled Wheat, is a precious wheat subspecies germplasms exclusively existed in Yunnan Province, while kernel hardness is one of the most important quality traits of wheat and mainly affects milling and food-processing qualities. 36 accessions of the Yunnan Hulled Wheat were used to analyze grain hardness and their single-kernel hardness frequency distribution by Single Kernel Characterization System （SKCS）. The results showed that grain hardness among the Yunnan Hulled Wheat ranged from 7.3＋15.9 to 70.9~19.6; 31 accessions were hard （17 and 14 of those were in class 1 and class 2,respectively） ~ two were mixed （1 in class 2 and another in class 3） ; three were soft （all in class 5）. The frequency of hard,mixed and soft type were 86.1 ~.5.6~ and 8.3 ~, respectively. Among the Yunnan Hulled Wheat, there was no extreme high grain hardness in the hard type, with a mean index of 62.0, but there was 2 acces- sions （A14, A21） belonging to the extreme soft type. Grain hardness classification was related to single kernel hardness frequency distribution and their hardness mean. Hard type of the Yunnan Hulled： the hardness of 5～20% seeds were not more than 46, that of 74%～95% seeds not less than 47, the hardness mean were 55.7±14.0～70.9±19.6; The hardness of 29%, 30%, 70%, 71% seeds were not more than 46 and 47. The hardness mean were 53.7±17.2 and 55.7±17.8% The hardness of 98%～100% seeds were not more than 46, that of 0～2% were more than 47. The hardness mean were 7. 3 ± 15.9 ～ 16.6± 13. 5, with excellent uniformity. This analysis indicated that the Yunnan Hulled Wheat not only occupied the grain hardness favorable to the noodle and steam-bread making, but also could be useful to the soft wheat improvement.
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第4期639-642,共4页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
基金
云南省"十一五"麦类科技攻关项目(2006NG10)
云南省农科院院列科研项目(2006YAAS03)
国家支撑计划项目(2006BAD01A20-25)
国家科技基础专项"云南及周边地区农业生物资源调查"
关键词
云南铁壳麦
籽粒硬度
SKCS
频率分布
Triticum aestivurn ssp. yunnanense King
grain hardness
SKCS. frequency distribution
