摘要
土壤次生盐碱化是威胁新疆绿洲灌区持续灌溉农业的关键因子。以水盐平衡原理为指导,以渭干河灌区多年实际监测数据为基础,深入分析了灌区不同尺度的土壤盐分分布特点与平衡措施,重点探讨了维持耕地根系层尺度上的盐分平衡的淋洗需水量的计算问题。针对水土资源开发水平的高低与土壤盐碱化的实际状况,提出了防控土壤次生盐碱化的不同对策:在塔里木河流域灌区,以加强渠道防渗和提高田间水利用率为主;对石河子地区,重点在于以冬灌方式实现作物根系层的盐分平衡。
Soil secondary salinization poses a significant threat to sustainable irrigation agriculture in Xinjiang oasis irrigation areas. Taking Weigan river irrigation area as a case, different levels of soil-salt distribution and balances for irrigation area are analyzed profoundly and leaching requirement for soil-salt balance in root zone is discussed extensively and calculated based on hydro-salinity principle. Finally, according to different water and soil resources development stages and salinization status, corresponding countermeasures to attack soil secondary salinization are proposed. For irrigation areas in Tarim river watershed, strengthening canal-lining and improving field water application efficiency are both effective and economical in practice, while performing necessary winter irrigation to leach accumulated salt in growing period is important to maintain long-term soil-salt balance in Shihezi irrigation area, where water-saving techniques are spread.
出处
《农业环境科学学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第4期1438-1443,共6页
Journal of Agro-Environment Science
基金
国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)重点项目课题(2006AA100207)
国家重大基础研究发展规划项目(2005CB121108)
石河子大学新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室基金
中科院南京土壤研究所创新前沿课题
关键词
水盐平衡
尺度
排水
淋洗
绿洲灌区
hydro-salinity balance
levels
drainage
leaching
oasis irrigation areas
