摘要
现代大众消费是现代化进程中的一种模式,体现了对传统产生很大冲击的新的生活方式。20世纪初,美国就已展现出现代大众消费社会的特征,到了20年代以后,大众消费主义在美国社会居于支配地位。这种新的生活方式在美国形成之后很快向境外蔓延,欧洲工业国家最先感到了“美国化”的威胁,但却在美国这种发展模式的影响下逐步过渡到了现代大众消费社会。第二次世界大战之后,作为一种全球资本主义价值观,现代消费主义对发展中国家迈向现代化过程中产生了很大的影响。历史事实表明,不管是欧洲工业化国家,还是新兴的发展中国家,都曾经历或正在经历美国大众消费文化对本土生活方式的巨大冲击,不过它们没有像美国一直所希冀的那样被“美国化”,相反却在一定程度上从蜂拥而入的美国消费文化中吸取到有益于自身发展的成分,逐渐地使本土文化适应了全球发展的大潮,传统文化也在不断地注入来自外部文化有益的成分,在国家经济发展进程中发挥了积极的作用。
Contemporary mass consumption is a model in the process of modernization,a new life style that poses great challenges to tradition.At the beginning of the 20th century,features of contemporary mass consumptive society had emerged in the United States.By the 1920s,mass consumerism had become dominant in American society and had begun to spread to other parts of the world.European industrialized countries were the first to feel the threat of “Americanization,” but under the influence of the American development model,they were gradually transformed into contemporary mass consumptive society.Since World War II,contemporary consumerism,as a global capitalist value,has exerted a great impact on developing countries in their transition to modernization.Historically,both European industrialized countries and emerging developing countries have experienced or are experiencing the challenge of American mass consumer culture to their indigenous life styles.But they have not been “Americanized” as expected.Rather,they have absorbed from the incoming American consumer culture what is beneficial to their development and have gradually adjusted their indigenous cultures to the tide of global development.With the infusion of beneficial elements of foreign culture,the traditional culture plays a positive role in the development of national economy.
出处
《美国研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2007年第2期48-67,共20页
The Chinese Journal of American Studies
