摘要
不同的脱臭馏出物脂肪酸含量差别很大,为充分利用其中的天然VE和植物甾醇,针对脂肪酸含量低的菜籽油脱臭馏出物,采用酒精萃取天然VE。90%酒精、pH4.0,液料比4L/kg,在60℃、120r/min下搅拌萃取20min,VE提取率达68.82%,浓缩24.48倍。萃余物水相皂化,碱料比0.2kgNaOH/kg,水料比5L/kg,80℃下皂化8h后,经盐水洗涤,用乙酸乙酯萃取不皂化物中的植物甾醇,液料比7L/kg脱臭馏出物,在50℃、120r/min搅拌下萃取40min,萃取液1000r/min离心15min,甾醇提取率达75.97%,浓缩20.3倍。针对脂肪酸含量高的脱臭馏出物,2%碱水洗至酸价测不出,再用硅胶吸附法浓缩VE。硅胶用量为原料的3倍,吸附溶剂6号溶剂油用量9L/kg原料,在30℃下吸附1.25h,解吸溶剂石油醚/乙醇(1∶4)用量7L/kg原料,于室温下解吸0.75h,VE提取率达65.02%,浓缩12.4倍。在上述硅胶中用乙醇在室温下解吸0.75h,乙醇用量32L/kg原料,甾醇提取率达73.46%,浓缩10.4倍。两种工艺均取得了较好的效果。
Different colza oil has different content of fatty acid. Different extraction technology of natural VE （ tocopherol） and phytosterol from colza oil was developed for different fatty acid level and the technological parameters were optimized. The following are the developed technology and optimum parameters： For the deodorization distillate with low content of fatty acids, alcohol extraction for gain VE is applied first with the optimum conditions of liquor/raw material 4 L/kg, alcohol pH 4.0, alcohol （90%） extraction temperature 60 ℃, mechanical agitation rate 120 r/min, and back flow extract 20 min. The VEextraction rate is 68.8 % , concentrated 24.48 times. Then the residual aqueous phase is saponified with the optimum conditions of sodium hydroxide/raw material 0.2 kg / kg, water/raw material 5L / kg, and backflow saponified 8 h under 80 ℃ ; washed by saturation saline solution and then is extracted by ethyl acetate for gain phytosterol from the unsaponifiable matter with the optimum conditions of 7 lethyl acetate per kilogram deodorization distillate, extraction temperature 50 ℃, mechanical agitation rate 120 r/min, back flow extract 40 min, and 1000 r/min centrifuge 15 min. The phytosterol extraction rate is 75.97 % , concentrated 20.3 times. When the fatty acid content is high , silica gel adsorption method is adopted to concentrate VE, the dosage of silica gel is three times of the raw material, using #6 solvent 9 L / kg raw material, adsorb 1.25 h under 30 ℃, then using desorption solvent 7 L / kg, desorption 0.75 h under room temperature. The VE extraction rate is 65.02 % , concentrated 12.4 times. To produce phytosterol, the above- mentioned silica gel is desorpted by solvent ethanol with dosage of 32 L/kg, desorption 0.75 h under room temperature. The phytosterol extraction rate is 73.46 %, concentrated 10.4 times. Both of the two technologies exhibit favorable effect.
出处
《中国粮油学报》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第3期115-121,共7页
Journal of the Chinese Cereals and Oils Association
关键词
菜籽油脱臭馏出物
天然VE
植物甾醇
萃取
皂化
硅胶吸附法
colza oil deodorization distillate, natural VE, phytosterol, extraction, saponification, silica gel adsorption method
