摘要
For the sake of devising fish composition with the functions of protecting water environment,the progress of studies on the mutual relationship between fishes and water environment was analyzed and then the suggestion of devising reasonable fish community and the problems which had to be solved before devising were put forward,based on the preliminary study in Lake Taihu and the papers in the world.The contents including three parts were as follows:1.Methods of estimating fish productivity in lake fisheries and the characteristics of fish composition in most of Chinese lakes:there were totally four kinds of methods of estimating fish productivity such as regression analysis methods based on regression statistics,energy methods based on food and inverted efficiency of energy,integrated analogy methods and systemic evaluated methods.The characteristics of fish composition in most of Chinese lakes was that the dominant fish species were phytoplanktivores,zooplanktivores and omnivores fishes usually with short food chain and that little-sized fishes increased because of controlling of piscivores,over fishing,the obstructed between river and lake and environmental deterioration.2.The top-down effects of fishes on environment:the developed countries played much more attention to the study and the practice of the top-down effects of fishes on environment.Changing fish composition was one of the important ways to carry out restoration and rebuilding of ecosystem to deal with eutrophication.For instance,the traditional biomanipulation which Shapiro put and the non-traditional biomanipulation which Xie put were such ways.It was the main mechanism of the traditional biomanipulation that large-sized zooplankton were protected and developed by adjusting the structure and composition of fish fauna.The main mechanism of the non-traditional biomanipulation was that restocking fishes such as bighead and silver carp directly fed on cyanobacteria bloom.The fish composition in most of Chinese lakes with the characteristics of short
For the sake of devising fish composition with the functions of protecting water environment, the progress of studies on the mutual relationship between fishes and water environment was analyzed and then the suggestion of devising reasonable fish community and the problems which had to be solved before devising were put forward, based on the preliminary study in Lake Taihu and the papers in the world. The contents including three parts were as follows： 1. Methods of estimating fish productivity in lake fisheries and the characteristics of fish composition in most of Chinese lakes： there were totally four kinds of methods of estimating fish productivity such as regression analysis methods based on regression statistics, energy methods based on food and inverted efficiency of energy, integrated analogy methods and systemic evaluated methods. The characteristics of fish composition in most of Chinese lakes was that the dominant fish species were phytoplanktivores, zooplanktivores and omnivores fishes usually with short food chain and that little-sized fishes increased because of controlling of piscivores, over fishing, the obstructed between river and lake and environmental deterioration. 2. The top-down effects of fishes on environment： the developed countries played much more attention to the study and the practice of the top-down effects of fishes on environment. Changing fish composition was one of the important ways to carry out restoration and rebuilding of ecosystem to deal with eutrophication. For instance, the traditional biomanipulation which Shapiro put and the non-traditional biomanipulation which Xie put were such ways. It was the main mechanism of the traditional biomanipulation that large-sized zooplankton were protected and developed by adjusting the structure and composition of fish fauna. The main mechanism of the non-traditional biomanipulation was that restocking fishes such as bighead and silver carp directly fed on cyanobacteria bloom. The fish composition in most of Chinese lakes with th
出处
《水产学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第3期391-399,共9页
Journal of Fisheries of China
基金
中科院知识创新工程重大项目(KZCX1-SW-12-IV)
国家"八六三"高技术研究发展计划(2002AA60101)
关键词
鱼类
水环境
相互关系
水质保护
fishes
water environment
interrelationship
protecting water environment
