摘要
1996年7月中，下旬（简称“96．7”），天山北坡发生了特大洪水，其洪峰之高、洪量之大为历史上所罕见，形成了建国以来新疆从未有过的特大洪灾。本文综合实地考察结果，在对洪水特点分析基础上，结合对本次洪水致灾过程的研究，详尽分析了天山北坡“96．7”洪水致灾的原因。
During the middle to the last ten-day period of July, 1996, some exceptional serious disastrous floods occurred in the rivers on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains.The floods were brought about by a rainstorm and ice-snow melting water under a rapid increase of temperature. Both of the rainfall and rainfall duration have never occurred over since Xinjiang's record. The rainfall was 40~8Omm at the most places and over 100mm at some places in the Tianshan Mountains. The spatial distribution of the rainstorm reached 400000~600000km2, which brought about the serious disastrous floods to occur simultaneously in many rivers in the Tianshan Mountains. The flood peak discharge of the overwhelming majority of the rivers was all-time high, and the three-day flood volume took up 10~15% of the annual runoff of the rivers. The process of thc flood disasters was that the floods rushing down along river courses destroyed the key water control projects, flood controlling mcasures, main canals or reservoirs, and then flooded the towns and villages, highways, railways, crops and grasslands.These disastrous floods resulted in the enormous losses in Xinjiang's economy and people's life and property. The causes of the flood disasters were manifold, which were mainly as followst; (1) High-flood peak discharge with huge volume was the main natural causes of the flood disasters. (2) The low construction standard, inferior construction quality,unreasonable engineering design are the cause of water consewancy works distruction which brought about the serious flood disasters to the lower reaches. (3) The flood disasters were closely related to thc improper management and organizations of the water conservancy works as well as the infirm consciousness against flood.
出处
《干旱区地理》
CSCD
北大核心
1997年第1期18-24,共7页
Arid Land Geography
关键词
洪水
灾害
致灾原因
天山
flood disaster
water conservancy works
Tianshan Mountains
