摘要
目的探讨系统健康教育对风湿性心脏病手术患者康复的影响。方法将102例风湿性心脏病行心脏瓣膜置换术的患者按住院号奇偶数分为观察组和对照组,各51例。对照组采用常规健康教育,观察组采用系统健康教育,即遵循系统化、互动化、全程化、个体化、重点化原则,分住院一、二、三阶段及出院前4阶段教育,并根据患者反馈及时调整教育内容及形式。教育形式有口授式讲解、谈心式调查、一对一个别宣教、召开患者座谈会及口试反馈等。结果与对照组比较,观察组遵医行为改善更为显著(P<0.01);肺部并发症发生率显著降低(P<0.05);住院患者满意度显著提高(P<0.01);出院后3个月PT延长率显著下降(P<0.01)。结论系统健康教育能提高患者对疾病的认知水平,改善患者的遵医行为;提高患者的自我保健意识和能力,降低并发症的发生率;密切护患关系,提高患者的满意度。
Objective To evaluate the influence of systematic health education on the patients with rheumatic heart disease undergoing operation. Methods One hundred and two inpatients with rheumatic heart disease who underwent valve replacement surgery were randomly divided into two groups： an observation group and a control group, according to the parity of their registration numbers at admission, with each group having 51 participant. A comparative study was conducted by providing systematic health education and routine health education for the two groups respectively, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results The compliance behavior of the inpatients who were given systematic health education was significantly improved as compared with those on routine health education program （P〈0. 01）. In the observation group, the incidence of lung complications was significantly lower （P〈0. 05）. The satisfaction of patients in the observation group was significantly higher （P〈0. 01）. Three months after discharge, the rate of prothrombin time prolongation in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group （P〈0. 01）. Conclusion The systematic health education can improve the recognition of patients on diseases, nurse-patient relationship and their compliance behavior, raise their awareness and capability of self-care, lower complications, and increase their satisfaction.
关键词
风湿性心脏病
系统健康教育
外科手术
遵医行为
并发症
满意度
rheumatic heart disease
systematic health education
surgery
compliance behavior
complications satisfaction
