摘要
目的探讨法医精神病学鉴定中精神障碍患者涉嫌暴力犯罪的犯罪学和人口学特征。方法采用自编法医精神病学鉴定案例登记表,对符合标准的206例被鉴定者进行犯罪学特征和人口学资料的收集。根据鉴定诊断分为精神障碍组(167例,81%)、无精神病组(39例,19%),对两组的犯罪学特征和一般人口学资料进行对比分析。结果精神障碍暴力犯罪者男性为154例(92.2%),女性13例(7.8%),40岁以下者133例(79.6%),小学文化水平以下者93例(57.7%),农民和无业者133例(79.6%),未婚者和婚姻家庭不健全者104例(62.3%),并且与无精神病组相比在人口学资料上的差别无统计学意义。精神障碍组与无精神病组比较分析发现作案预谋(2χ=40.22,p<0.01)、目标确定(2χ=32.843,p<0.01)、作案后表现(2χ=36.979,p<0.01)、作案动机(2χ=82.333,p<0.01)、与被害人的关系(2χ=23.138,p<0.01)、自称遗忘(2χ=36.229,p<0.01)方面差异有统计学意义。结论精神障碍患者的暴力犯罪多为突发性,常无预谋,目标多为临时确定,多无动机或动机不明确,缺乏自我保护意识,作案后多无反侦查表现。无论有无精神障碍,暴力犯罪者多为40岁以下未婚青壮年男性,且文化水平大多较低,农民和无业人员居多。
Objective To explore the criminological characteristics and characteristics of demography of violent offenders in forensic psychiatry assessment. Methods We collected 206 cases which meet the research criterions by the record of forensic psychiatry assessment designed by ourselves, and divided these cases into two groups according to the assessment, mentally disordered group （167 cases, 81%）and mentally normal group （39 cases, 19%）. Also the criminological characteristics and the characteristics of demography between mentally disordered group and mentally normal group were researched by control analysis. Results There were 154 （92.2%）male cases, 133 （79.6%）cases aged below 40 years,93 （57.7%） cases with lower level of culture, 133 cases （79.6%）who were farmer or unemployed people, 104 （62.3%） who were unmarried or loser in marriage in the violent offenders with mental disorder,and there were no significant difference between two groups. There are significant difference between mentally disordered group and mentally normal group in criminal plan （X^2=40.22 ,p〈0.01 ）, criminal targets （X^2=32.843 ,P〈0.01 ）, criminal motives （X^2=82.333 ,p〈0.01 ）, the performances after the offence （X^2=36.979,p〈0.01 ）, the relationship between both sides （X^2=40.22,p〈0.01） and amnesia that the offenders claimed （X^2=36.229,p〈0.01）. Conclusion Also the violent offenders with mental disorder usually did not have plans before the offence, the criminal targets were determined temporarily, there weren＇t usually criminal motives, they often did not say that they forgot it after the offence and stayed at the offence scene rather taking anti-detection behaviors such as escape. Most of violent offenders with mental disorder were unmarried young male farmers with lower level of culture, and most of them were farmer or unemployed people, whether they were the patients with mental disorders or not.
出处
《法律与医学杂志》
2007年第1期I0024-I0028,共5页
Journal of Law & Medicine
关键词
暴力犯罪
犯罪学特征
法医精神病学
Violent offence, criminological characteristics, forensic psychiatry
