摘要
综述了纳米金属氧化物在化学战剂防护方面的研究进展,重点介绍了纳米金属氧化物,如纳米MgO、CaO及其核壳结构如[Fe2O3]MgO、[Fe2O3]CaO等的制备方法,以及它们对酸性气体、极性有机物、化学战剂等的“破坏性吸附”。这一“破坏性吸附”主要是由于其独特的形状、极性表面和高的比表面积。研究表明,核壳结构“破坏性吸附”效率更高,这主要是由于电子传递效应,壳层可以向核心传递反应碎片,核心再进一步降解这些碎片,从而达到提高其“吸附破坏性”效率的效果。
The progress in the research and development of nanocrystalline metal oxides as destructive adsorbents for chemical agents is reviewed in this paper. The synthesis methods and destructive adsorption properties of nanocrystalline metal oxides and core/shell nanoparticles of metal oxides are discussed. The nanocrystalline metal oxides have unusual crystalline shapes and possess high surface concentrations of reactive edge/corner and defect sites, thereby display higher surface reactivity, and they can adsorb and destruct the acid gases, polar organics, and even chemical agents. Core/shell nanoparticles of metal oxides [Fe203] MgO, [Fe2O3] CaO and the other first-row transition metal shell materials coated on nanoparticles of MgO or CaO have been studied as destructive adsorbents for CCl4, CS2, 2-CEES, paraoxon and even chemical agents VX and HD. The transition metal shell materials can accelerate the destructive adsorption reaction and the reaction becomes nearly stoichiometric, which was due to in the core/shell nanoparticles of metal oxides where ion-ion exchange can most readily take place, and thereby regenerating the transition metal oxides catalyst.
出处
《医疗卫生装备》
CAS
2007年第3期28-30,共3页
Chinese Medical Equipment Journal
关键词
纳米金属氧化物
核壳结构
破坏性吸附
化学战剂防护
nanocrystalline metal oxides, core/shell, destructive adsorption, chemical protection
