摘要
依据1990-2002年调查资料,分析了我国国家一级保护动物3种鸨类的分布和现状。大鸨(Otis tarda):东方亚种(O.t.dybowskii)中国种群繁殖于黑龙江西南部、吉林西部、内蒙古东部和中部、宁夏北部和甘肃,少数个体滞留在南部繁殖地越冬。指名亚种(O.t.tarda):中国种群繁殖于新疆北部和西部。越冬区尚不清楚,推测可能在南亚一带,新近在新疆察布查尔发现越冬个体。繁殖地生境为草原、荒漠草原和农田;越冬地生境为挥湖沿岸滩涂、草甸、草甸草原和麦地等。波斑鸨(Chlamydotis undulata macqueeni):中国种群繁殖于准噶尔盆地周边、乌伦古河两岸、巴里坤及吐鲁番盆地南部、内蒙古西部和甘肃西部。准噶尔盆地东部木垒东北为国际间的主要繁殖区之一。生境为荒漠和荒漠草原,越冬地在西亚和南亚一带。小鸨(Tetrax tetrax):中国种群繁殖于新疆北部,我国为繁殖区的东界。生境为草原和半荒漠,越冬于南亚一带。我国种群数量十分稀少。
This paper discusses the distribution and actuality of Otis tarda in China. All three species are listed as first-grade protected animals in China. Otis tarda dybowskii ： The population in China breeds in southwest Heilongjiang Province, west Jilin Province, east and central Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, north Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region and Ganxu Province. Some of them inhabit in the southern marginal zone of the breeding habitats in winter. Their hibernaculums are in a zone south from the Yellow River to Guizhou and Jiangxi provinces. Their population varies in a range of 200-300 or 500-800. O. t. tarda ： The population in China breeds in north and west Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Their hibernaculums are not known yet but possibly in south Asia. We found that some birds do not migrate and inhabit in Qapqal Xibo Autonomous County in west Xinjiang in winter. The population varies in a range of 2 000-3 000. The types of the breeding habitats of Otis tarda are steppe, grasslands, desert steppes and farmlands, especially near the riversides and lakesides, in some meadows, meadow-grasslands and wheat fields. Chlamydotis undulata macqueeni： The population in China breeds in the marginal zone of the Junggar Basin, riversides of Ulungur River, lakesides of Barkol Lake and south Turpan Basin in Xinjiang, west Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and west Gansu Province. Mori located in east Junggar Basin of Xinjiang is one of the main breeding habitats in the world. Deserts and desert steppes are their habitats. Their hibernaculums are located in west Asia and south Asia, and the population in China is about 2000. Tetrax tetrax ： The population in China breeds in north Xinjiang. China is the east breeding habitat of T. tetra3c. Habitat types of T. tetra3： in China are steppes and semi-deserts. Their hibernaculures are located in south Asia. The population in China is very low. The endangered causes of the three species are analyzed, and some protection measures are put forward.
出处
《干旱区研究》
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第2期179-186,共8页
Arid Zone Research
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(3047026339370103)
中国科学院资源与生态环境研究重点资助项目(K952-JI-114)
中国与阿联酋国际合作资助项目
中国科学院西部之光资助项目(20034020)
