摘要
草甘膦是一种非选择性除草剂,它通过竞争性抑制莽草酸途径中的5-烯醇丙酮莽草酸-3-磷酸合酶(EPSP合酶)干扰芳香族氨基酸的生物合成而发挥毒性作用。虽然获得抗草甘膦棉花的途径有多种,但当前用于生产的抗草甘膦棉花主要是以CP4-EPSPS基因转化棉花获得的。草甘膦对转CP4-EPSPS棉花的营养生长没有不利影响,但4叶期后喷施草甘膦会显著降低花粉粒的活性,抑制散粉、授粉和结实,导致转CP4-EPSPS棉花对草甘膦抗性呈现出一定程度的时空变化。草甘膦对抗草甘膦棉花(雄性)生殖器官的抑制效应一方面源于草甘膦在生殖器官内的大量积累,另一方面在于CP4-EPSPS基因在(雄性)生殖器官的低效表达。促进CP4-EPSPS基因在全株高效表达是提高棉花对草甘膦抗性的重要途径。
As a nonselective herbicide, glyphosate control weeds through the competitive inhibition on the activity of 5-enolpyruvyl-shikimate-3-phosphate synthase （EPSPS） in the shikimic acid pathway.Although glyphosate- resistant （GR） cotton can be developed in several ways, the most popular GR cotton that has been utilized in agricultural production is transgenic cotton containing CP4-EPSPS gene from Agrobacterium spp under the cauliflower mosaic virus （CaMV）-35s promoter. GR cotton exhibits an excellent vegetative resistance to glyphosate throughout the growing season. However, exposing GR cotton to glyphosate after the 4th-leaf stage can decrease boll setting due to reduced self pollination, suggesting occurrence of temporal and special changes in glyphosate-resistance. The sensitivity of the male reproductive organs to glyphosate is explained by reduced expression of CP4-EPSPs genes, and increased accumulation of glyphosate in these reproductive organs relative to vegetative organs. Enhancement of strong expression in the whole plant is an efficient way to improve reproductive resistance of GR cotton to glyphosate.
出处
《中国农学通报》
CSCD
2007年第2期355-359,共5页
Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin
基金
山东省农业良种工程重大课题"中长绒棉花新品种选育"(2005棉花)资助
关键词
抗草甘膦棉花
EPSP合成酶
时空表达
Glyphosate-resistant cotton, EPSP synthase, Temporal and spatial expression
