摘要
漓江季节性的干旱和洪涝并存成为地方政府、有关专家和旅游行业密切关注的环境问题,漓江流域的环境建设尤其是上游森林植被恢复,成为生态治理重点内容。漓江上游红壤区植被类型主要包括针叶林、阔叶林、竹林、灌丛和草丛,植被的水分特征差异较大,植被的生态调节、水源涵养功能各异。在漓江上游红壤区开展4种模式的植被恢复和复合农林试验示范,3年的试验表明,乡土常绿阔叶树适应性强、有效保持水土,果林经济效益显著、但生态功能较差,木本药材林具有较好的生态功能和潜在的经济效益。通过调查和试验示范,提出亚热带红壤退化山地农林经营的植物种类和复合模式,对漓江流域水资源调控和水土流失治理提出建议和对策。
The serous aspects of the Lijiang River＇s dry season and the regular flooding has been harassed among the government, tour companies, scholars and experts in the past decades. In the planning of ecosystem rehabilitation it＇s necessary to vegetation rehabilita- tion. The vegetation in upper reaches of Lijiang River could be divided into five elementary types, such as coniferous forest, broadleaf forest, mao bamboo forest, shrub wood and herb are included. The hydrological characteristics and functions of different vegetation types are variable, and it differs mainly in reallocation of precipitation, equilibrium of water and hydrological compositive adjusting ability. The forest adjusting function on rivers runoff alters as the forest hydrological function changed. This study is to develop a demonstration area to restore vegetation which is to introduce 4 assemblages with complex of specific ecologicaleconomic functions and management methods aiming to increase water and soil conservation. In terms of species assemblage, the result shown that in the initial 3 years, local broadleaf evergreen species assemblage is well adoption to the degraded area and best conserve soil and water. While Fruit Tree measurement gain a best potential economic outcome, but small ecological efficiency. Medicine Tree assemblage measurement has shown a good ecological benefit, particularly in reducing surface runoff during raining season and at the same time with potential economic outcome due to market aspect. The results of this study support the use assemblage species by means of agriculture purpose using in the rehabilitation of degraded lands in southern China. And it support an integrate management that can alleviate the water surface runoffand soil erosion to put down peak flow and to increase base flow, that may more or less to solve the water problem in Lijiang River.
出处
《生态环境》
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第1期140-148,共9页
Ecology and Environmnet
基金
中国科学院生命科学与生物技术特别支持费课题(STZ-00-10)
中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养计划项目(科发人教字2004[11]号文)
关键词
植被演替
红壤侵蚀区
生态恢复
复合农林模式
漓江流域
vegetation succession
degraded terrain
ecological rehabilitation
agroforestry model
Lijiang river watershed
