摘要
[目的]了解三级甲等医院护士职业紧张度水平,探讨临床护士紧张的主要影响因素。[方法]采用一般情况调查表和职业紧张度量表(OSI-R)对北京市某三级甲等医院临床护士242名进行问卷调查。[结果]不同年龄、工龄、学历、职称、科室、婚姻及子女情况的临床护士之间OSI-R各项得分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);患有神经衰弱的护士与未患护士得分差异显著(P<0.01);护士个体紧张反应的主要影响因素有工作环境、角色界限不清、休闲、社会支持、任务模糊、任务过重。[结论]临床护士的职业紧张度水平处于中等,在不同年龄、层次、家庭情况的护士之间没有明显差异;患有神经衰弱的护士职业紧张度水平高于未患护士;改善护士工作环境,明确护士职责及护士角色,鼓励适当的休闲,增强社会支持是缓解护士职业紧张的有效措施。
Objective： To know about the level of occupational stress of nurses and to probe into major influencing factors of clinical nurses with stress. Methods： A total of 242 clinical nurses in a third - level grade A hospital in Beijing city were investigated by filling out general .state scale, occupational stress inventory （revised） OSI- R and questionnaire. Results： In terms of each factor .scoring of OSI - R, there were no statistical significant differences among clinical nurses of different ages, working ages, educational backgrounds, titles of a technical post, from different departments, different marital states, and whether she have child or not （all P〉0.05）. However, there was statistical significant difference in terms of the scoring between nurses with neurasthenia and those without neurasthenia （P〈 0.01）. The major influencing factors of nurses with individual stress reaction included working environment, work limit, lay fallow, social support, unclear of tasks, and overweight of tasks. Conclusion： Clinical nurses have moderate level of occupational tension. There were no remarkable differences among nurses of different ages, different titles of a technical post, and different familial states. Nurses with neurasthenia had higher occupational stress than those without neurasthenia. Effective measures to relieve the occupational stress of nurses include to improve working environment of nurse, to define their tasks and roles, to encourage proper lie- fallow of nurses, and to strengthen the social supports for them.
出处
《护理研究（上旬版）》
2007年第1期25-28,共4页
Chinese Nursing Researsh
关键词
职业紧张
临床护士
影响因素
occupational stress
clinical nurses
influencing factors
