摘要
中国有色金属行业能耗高、水耗大、三废产量大,属于环境污染比较严重的行业之一。本文通过考察有色金属行业的生态足迹及其构成和变化,分析了行业发展面临的环境压力状况。研究表明:①有色金属行业生态足迹近年来总体上一直处于上升趋势,其中能源消费间接占用地在总生态足迹中占主导地位;②分品种看,铝在有色金属行业生态足迹所占份额最大,达到53%,其次为铅锌、铜,占行业的比重分别为15%、12%,铝、铅、锌和铜这4种金属生态足迹为有色金属行业的80%,是决定该行业生态足迹大小的关键矿种,也是对行业产生环境压力、冲击和影响的主要来源;③有色金属行业近年来生态效率呈上升趋势,不仅其大小高于工业部门和三大产业部门的平均水平,其增长率相对也较高,这反映了现阶段行业生产依然是“高投入、高产出”的特点。该研究结果对于理解有色金属行业发展与环境保护之间的关系、制定行业可持续发展规划具有一定的参考价值。
With the fast development of non-ferrous metal industries, the consumption of non-ferrous metal resources is increasing quickly. The non-ferrous metal industries face the resources shortage. China＇s non-ferrous metal industries are industries with high energy consumption, high water consumption and heavy waste production. It has become one of most serious environmental pollution industries. This paper analyzed the environmental pressure that the non-ferrous industries faced from ecological footprint, composition and variation. The conceptions and the analysis methods of ecological footprint of non-ferrous metal industries were introduces and the ecological footprint of non-ferrous metal industries was calculated. And then, the time series, the ecological footprint composition, the eco-efficiency and the ecological footprint intensity of non-ferrous metal industries were presented. The results show that： 1 ） The ecological footprint of non-ferrous metal industries is increasing in recent years. Indirect occupied land of energy consumption hold a dominant position in the whole industry; 2） From the view of species, aluminum takes the ecological occupancy ,which is 53% ,followed by lead zinc and respectively. The ecological footprints of four metals including ecological footprint of non-ferrous metal biggest share in the non-ferrous industry copper,whose shares are 15% and 12%, aluminum, lead, zinc and copper make up 80% of the total. They are the key mineral species for the ecological footprints of non-ferrous metals industry, and they are also the main sources of the environmental pressure, impact and effects; 3） The eco- efficiency of non-ferrous metal industries is rising in recent years. Not only it is higher than the average level of industrial department and three major industry departments, but also its growth rate is relatively high, reflecting that the current industry production still has the characteristic of ＂high input, high output＂. In the last, some suggestions are given on how to decre
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第1期155-159,共5页
Resources Science
基金
教育部优秀中青年教师基金项目资助(编号:1711)
关键词
中国
有色金属行业
生态足迹
生态效率
Non-ferrous metal industries
Ecological footprint
Eco-efficiency
