摘要
The human hepatitis B virus （HBV） and the duck hepatitis B virus （DHBV） share several fundamental features. Both viruses have a partially double-stranded DNA genome that is replicated via a RNA intermediate and the coding open reading frames （ORFs） overlap extensively. In addition, the genomic and structural organization, as well as replication and biological characteristics, are very similar in both viruses. Host of the key features of hepadnaviral infection were first discovered in the DHBV model system and subsequently confirmed for HBV. There are, however, several differences between human HBV and DHBV. This review will focus on the molecular and cellular biology, evolution, and host adaptation of the avian hepatitis B viruses with particular emphasis on DHBV as a model system.
人的肝炎 B (HBV ) 和鸭肝炎 B (DHBV ) 分享几个基本特征。两个病毒有一部分，经由 RNA 中介和编码开的读物被复制的双 stranded DNA 染色体装裱(ORF ) 广泛地重叠。另外， genomic 和生物特征，在两个病毒是很类似的。大多数 hepadnaviral 感染的特色首先在 DHBV 模型系统被发现并且随后为 HBV 证实了。然而，人的 HBV 和 DHBV 之间有几差别。这评论将作为一个模型系统在 DHBV 上与特别强调集中于鸟的肝炎 B 的分子、细胞的生物学，进化，和主人改编。
基金
Supported by the Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg and the Bundesministcrium für Gesundheit und Soziale Sicherung
grants from DFG and by the German Competence Network for Viral Hepatitis （Hop-Net）, funded by the German Ministry of Education and Research （BMBF）, Grant No. TFI3. IWe apologize to those authors whose work we could not cite directly due to space limitations. The authors are indebted to Claudia Franke （Heinrich-Pette-Institute, Hamburg, Germany） for providing the picture of core protein phosphorylation.
