摘要
目的探讨连续开展面对面宣教对提高性服务小姐艾滋病性病知识和认识的作用。方法每月进行一次面对面宣教干预,连续3个月,并在3个月干预前后进行匿名问卷测试。结果招募的407名性服务小姐,性病艾滋病知识测试的平均分,从干预前的40.7分上升到干预后的63.7分,90%测试题的答对率显著上升。但涉及性服务小姐圈内惯有的错误信息,如“性交后阴道冲洗、体外射精可防病”等答对率干预后仅为52%。文盲者干预后仍不及格,表示“客人不愿用安全套,同意与其不用套性交”的比例,从58.2%下降到33.5%,但小学文化者下降不显著(54.9%)。认识到“有病应及时到医院检查治疗”的比例,从干预前的53.1%,上升到干预后的79.4%,文盲者没有显著改变。干预后有16.7%的文盲者表示“有病自购药”。结论面对面宣教可有效提高性服务小姐艾滋病性病防治知识水平,以及对安全套使用和正确求医的认识,但涉及改变行为和圈内惯有的错误信息难度较大,需针对重点增加干预频度和克服有关障碍。对小学以下文化程度者需采取更为直观的宣教方式,用更为通俗的语言进行讲解和答疑。对求医行为的指导,除了做更为深入和个性化的宣教外,还应配合改善性病服务等措施才能取得更好的效果。
Objective To evaluate the effects of face-to-face education for the improvement of STI/AIDS related knowledge in female sex workers. Methods A total of 407 female sex workers（FSWs）were recruited for a face-to-face health education once a month for 3 consecutive months. A anonymous questionnaire was completed before and after education. Results The mean score of STI/AIDS related knowledge improved from 40.7 before education to 63.7 after education. The correct response rates increased in 90% of the questions. However, as to common misconceptions among them （such as. , vaginal douching after sex or external ejaculation may effectively prevent STI）, they, had only a 52 % correct response rate. All illiterates did not pass the test after education. Those who considered providing sex service even when clients refused to use condom decreased from 58.2 % to 33.5 %, however, this decline was not significant in FSWs with education level below primary school. Those who thought to seek medical treatment immediately once being ill increased from 53.1% to 79.4 %, but this rise was not significant. After education there were still 16.7 % of illiterates who reported buying medicines from drug store if being ill. Conclusion A consecutive 3 months of face-to-face education could effectively improve STI/AIDS related knowledge and attitude to the condom use, health care seeking behaviors in FSWs. However, it is difficult to change their misconceptions or their risk behaviors. The frequency of education should be increased focusing on key issues. Education should be more visualized and straightforward for illiterates. Besides in-depth and personalized education, guidance for health care seeking behaviors should be done in combination with provision of accessible STI medical service.
出处
《中国艾滋病性病》
CAS
2006年第5期423-425,428,共4页
Chinese Journal of Aids & STD
基金
中英性病艾滋病防治合作资助项目
