摘要
壮族是中国最大的少数民族,与东南亚的泰老族群关系密切,在东亚人群的遗传结构研究中地位非常特殊。本研究调查了壮族各个支系的Y染色体多样性,通过主成分分析、聚类分析和分子方差分析,揭示壮族的内部父系遗传结构。结果发现,壮族的主要Y染色体单倍群为O*,O2a,O1。传统的对壮族按方言分为南北二组的分类方法在遗传上并没有依据,壮族支系体现出从东往西的梯度变化过程。这说明壮族的结构中有几个层次,最早的成分普遍出现在各个支系中,第二层是由东部来的百越核心成分,第三层是北方来的汉族成分。壮族内部遗传结构的分析将有助于对东亚人群的南来起源的研究。
Zhuang, the largest ethnic minority population in China, is one of the descendant groups of the ancient Bai-Yue. Linguistically, Zhuang languages are grouped into northern and southern dialects. To characterize its genetic structure, 13 East Asian-specific Y-chromosome biallelic markers and 7 Y-chromosome short tandem repeat （STR） markers were used to infer the haplogroups of Zhuang populations. Our results showed that O＊, O2a, and O1 are the predominant haplogroups in Zhuang. Frequency distribution and principal component analysis showed that Zhuang was closely related to groups of Bai-Yue origin and therefore was likely to be the descendant of Bai-Yue. The results of principal component analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis contradicted the linguistically derived north-south division. Interestingly, a west-east clinal trend of haplotype frequency changes was observed, which was supported by AMOVA analysis that showed that between-population variance of east-west division was larger than that of north-south division. O＊ network suggested that the Hongshuihe branch was the center of Zhuang. Our study suggests that there are three major components in Zhuang. The O＊ and O2a constituted the original component; later, O1 was brought into Zhuang, especially eastern Zhuang; and finally, northern Han population brought O3 into the Zhuang populations.
基金
This work was supported by the Priority Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 39993420), the Science Foundation of Guangxi Province (No.GSN0339041, GSY0542044) and the Genographic Project of National Geography.
关键词
Y-染色体
壮族
内部遗传结构
Y chromosome
Zhuang
internal genetic structure
