摘要
鄂麦19是在导入外源基因的基础上,采用多亲本复合杂交的方法选育而成的兼抗条锈和白粉病的小麦新品种,该品种还对叶锈、赤霉病有较好的抗性。本文通过对其选育过程的分析,探讨多基因抗性育种以及外源基因利用等问题。鄂麦19多抗性的选育,首先是通过普通小麦与黑麦进行属间杂交,获得黑麦抗真菌病害的遗传物质。在小黑麦杂种与小麦杂交的早期世代,选择抗单一病害、育性较好的普通小麦型单株进行杂交,根据育种目标在杂种群体中进行综合抗病能力的筛选。整个杂交组合共涉及三种亲缘、9个亲本,先后导入了洛夫林10、阿夫、南大2419、阿夫多里雅和KUI-(b)等5个公认的对条锈病、白粉病兼抗性较好且具有相对持久抗性的亲本的抗病基因。
Emai 19 is a new variety with resistances to Puccinia striiformis F. SP. tritici and Erysiple graminis F. SP. tritici. The variety is selected by Crop Institute of XiangFan Academy Agricultural Sciences using pedigree method from a multiple cross. It may be used in production and as a new re- source of resistances to Puccinia striiformis F. SP. tritici and Erysple graminis F. SP. tritici in wheat breeding. Multigeneg resistance to diseases production and untilization of foreign genes are dis- cussed in this report through tracing the breeding procedure and pedigree of Emai 19. In the breeding progress,firstly we get the resistant genes of triticale to Fungi by a cross of common wheat and Jinzhou heimai. Secondly in order to pyramid multi-resistant genes,we select single wheat plant with resistance to a single diseases and good fertility in the beginning, then use the selected single wheat plants to cross each other. Finally, we select individuals with comprehensive resistance to multi-disea- ses in progeny of cross. The whole crossing procedure includes three kinds of parentages and nine parents. Five genes including Lovrin10, Funo,Nanda2419, Funodolia and KUI（b）are pyramided in Emai 19. These genes have been known for the durable resistance to the two diseases. It is possible to get resistance to multi-diseases by using foreign genes and multiple cross as described in the breeding of Emai 19. The breeding of Emai19 would provide useful information for obtaining durable resistance when the new pathogen strains of Puccinia stiiformis F. SP tritici and Erysple graminis F. SP. tritici coming out, and enhancing the genetic diversity of germplasms used in mordern wheat breeding.
出处
《麦类作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第6期35-37,共3页
Journal of Triticeae Crops
关键词
小麦
多基因聚合
抗性育种
Wheat
Pyramiding multi-genes
Resistance breeding
