摘要
从人机工程学角度论述轮椅车的静态舒适性设计原理,根据脑瘫患者的具体症状和日常生活中的困难,设计一款适合脑瘫患者使用的轮椅。轮椅各部分尺寸参照了《中国成年人人体尺寸》GB10000-88,按照分布在5%的女性到95%男性之间的中等人体尺寸确定的。座高(座面到踏板面的距离)确定为420mm,踏板高度可调;座椅深度(座面的前后距离)一般相当于臀部至大腿全长的3/4,最后设计为410mm;座椅宽度(座椅左右距离)设计为470mm;靠背高度(跟人体坐高相仿)为840mm;靠背倾角(靠背与垂直方向的角度)范围为5°～50°;扶手高(从座面到扶手上面的距离)最后定为225mm。设计过程中主要运用人机工程学原理对轮椅作了分析,介绍并讨论了与生理学、人体测量学、人体解剖学等相关问题。设计出的轮椅几何参数合理,能使乘坐者达到安定姿态,而且满足合理的体压分布的要求,经检验强度也满足要求。设计的轮椅基本满足舒适性和安全性要求,使脑瘫患者更容易面对生活中的难题。
The design principles of wheelchair static comfort are deseribed from the point of ergonomics. A new type of wheelchair for cerebral palsy patients is designed according to the symptom of cerebral palsy patients and some problems daily life. The size of each part of the wheelchair is defined on the basis of Human Dimensions of Chinese Adults GB 10000-88 and the middle-size human between 5% female and 95% male. Seat height （distance from seat plane to pedal plane） is 420 mm, and the height of pedal can be adjusted. Seat depth （the distance between front and back seat plane） is 410 mm at last, which is equal to three fourths of the total length from buttocks to thigh. Seat width （distance between left and right seat） is designed to 470 mm. Backing height （similar to sitting length of human） is 840 mm. Backing angle of dip （angle of backing and vertical direction） ranges from 5° to 50°. Armrest height （distance from seat plane to the upper surface of armrest） is designed to 225 mm at last. The ergonomic principle is applied mainly to analyze the wheelchair during the design, and problems concerned with physiology, anthropometry, anthropotomy, etc. are introduced and discussed. The wheelchair is with reasonable geometric parameter, can keep the persons stabilize, is fit for possible distribution of body pressure and has qualified check-up intensity, The wheelchair meets the requests of comfort and security. With the wheelchair, cerebral palsy patients can easily deal with the difficulties in their daily life.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第41期155-157,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
