摘要
核心种质如何创新和有效利用是目前植物遗传资源研究的主要内容，为此，以云南地方稻（Oryzasativa L．）种资源核心种质519份和497个F1杂交组合为研究材料，研究了籼（Indica）、粳（Japonica）2个亚种间、5个稻作生态区和16个行政地区的遗传多样性和遗传分化分布趁势。研究结果表明，云南稻种资源遗传多样性大，稻区间遗传多样性差异不明显，地区间遗传多样性差异较明显，遗传多样性中心在滇西南（西双版纳、思茅、临沧、德宏），遗传多样性的形成与生态环境息息相关，粳稻表型遗传多样性大于籼稻。核心种质中籼稻与滇屯502的杂种一代总的遗传多样性和遗传分化均增加；粳稻与合系35的杂种一代总的遗传多样性降低，但亲本与F1的遗传多样性的差异不显著，遗传分化增加。应加强对遗传多样性中心的遗传资源进行深入研究，以便使这些宝贵资源在遗传改良中发挥其应有的作用。
How to innovate and to effectively use core collection is a major content of plant genetic resources researching at present, therefore, the distribution of genetic diversity of agronomic traits between Oryza sativa L. indica and Oryza sativa L. japonica covered five different rice cropping region and sixteen prefecture was studied using 519 accessions core collection and 497 accessions F1 generation of landrace rice in Yunnan, The results showed that ： （1） core collection and F1 generation rice germplasm in Yunnan have a huge of diversity, there was not obvious differences on index of genetic diversity in rice cropping region, but there was obvious differences on index of genetic diversity in prefecture, the center of genetic diversity lay in southwest （Xishuangbanna, Simao , Licang and Dehong） in Yunnan, the development of genetic diversity was associated with ecological environment , the index of genetic diversity of Japonica was higher than that of Indicao （2） the total index of genetic diversity and differentiation on F1 generation of core collection in Indica was higher than that of parent; the total index of genetic diversity on F1 of Japonica was higher than that of parent, but there was not differences on index of genetic diversity between parent and F1 generation, and the genetic differentiation on F1 of Japonica was less than that of parent. （3） In order to make use of these resource in rice hybrid, it was necessary to reinforce researching rice genetic resources of center of genetic diversity.
出处
《西南农业学报》
CSCD
2006年第B09期22-29,共8页
Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金（30160043
30260060）和云南省自然科学基金（2002C0077M）资助.谢辞：本论文在修改过程中得到中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院王象坤教授的大力帮助,同时得到张洪亮博士提供云南稻作区划图,作者在此深表感谢.
关键词
云南地方稻种
核心种质
杂种一代
遗传多样性
lndrace rice in Yunnan
core collection
F1 generation
index of genetic diversity
