摘要
中国现代文学肇始于何时,学术界一直是众说纷纭。本文着重从五个阶段论述80年来起点研究的成果和划分标准的演变,以期呈现一个清晰的发展脉络。第一阶段(1922—1949):同生共荣时期。由于研究者和文学现象处于同一时代的社会环境背景下,相距较近,很难对现代文学起点问题在一定高度上作出客观的判断,因而产生了众多分歧,如胡适、周作人等人的5种观点。第二阶段(1949—1976):一元独尊时期。受新民主主义文学史观的影响,学术界均以政治标准作为现代文学史的划分依据,如王瑶的1919年说。第三阶段(1976—1985):复苏发展时期。学术界尚未完全摆脱政治因素的干扰,但展现出突破的新姿,如邢铁华的1894年说。第四阶段(1985—2000):回归文学时期。文学从政治的附庸中解放出来,以文学自身发展规律作为文学史分期因素,如钱理群的1898年说。第五阶段(2000至今):众声喧哗时期。过去一个世纪关于起点问题的各种言说又纷纷在新世纪的舞台上演,形成众声喧哗的局面,如许志英的1917年说,郜元宝的1907年说等。纵观这八十年来围绕着现代文学史开端所展开的论争,即从最初的文学的社会历史型分期到注重文学自身发展规律的本体型分期,再到如今两种相异标准的妥协和互补,似乎呈现出一条否定之否定的观念走势。事实上,20世纪的中国处在一个特殊的剧变之中,这决定了中国现代文学的起点划分难以游离于社会历史变动的特征之外,难以作出客观合理的判断,不宜以单一不变的标准作为参照。
When did Modem Chinese Literature begin？ These arc various statements on it in the constant academic circles. In view of the existing situation,the paper will not put forward any preconceived assessment on these arguments arbitrarily. It will expound all the research achievements on the beginning of the Modem Chinese Literature and the evolution of the division standard in the past over 80 years from 5 stages. It will present a clear development skeleton. The flint stage （from 1922 to 1949） ： the times of intergrowth. It was difficult for the research workers to make the objective assessments on the beginning of Modem Chinese Literature because they intergrew with the literary phenomenon under the similar social surrounding, so different people had different opinions, for example ：Hu Shi,Zhou Zuo-ren ect.. The second stage （from 1949 to 1976） ： the times of politics centralization. The academic circIes divided Modem Chinese Literature on the basic of the poIitical criterion under the influence of the view of the new democracy literature history, for instance：Wang Yao regarded the year of 1919 as the beginning. The third stage （from 1976 to 1985 ） ：the times of resuscitation and development. The academic circles had not entirely extricated itself from a predicament of the disturbance of the political factors and presented a certain appearance, for example ： Xing Tie-hua took the year of 1894 as the beginning. The fourth stage （from 1985 to 2000） ：the times of returning to literature. The literature would not be the dependency of the politics any more. It was divided according to its own development law, for instance ：Qian Li-qun regarded the year of 1898 as the beginning. The fifth stage （from 2000 up to now） ：the times of free development of different forms in the arts. Different opinions emerge on the literary stage of the new century. Each sticks to his own argument, for example ： Xu Zhi-ying considered the year of 1917 as the beginning,Gao Yuan-bao held the year of 190
出处
《徐州师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》
2006年第5期28-34,共7页
Journal of Xuzhou Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)
关键词
中国现代文学
起点
述评
Modem Chinese Literature
the Beginning
Commentary
