摘要
目的:对重庆市110份自杀危机干预热线电话资料进行分析,了解电话咨询在预防自杀、挽救生命、危机干预中的作用。方法:①纳入2003-12/2005-01自杀危机干预热线电话求助者110份电话资料,求助者中男58名,女52名;20～59岁95名,<20岁12名,≥60岁3名。②对这110名自杀危机来电者,咨询者综合地运用了自杀危险性的评估、情感疏泄、支持性解释、问题解决技术(如应对技巧、社会支持)、教育性认知矫正、以及建议求询者进行心理门诊或精神科住院治疗等危机干预措施。③在咨询结束的1个月后对110名求助者进行追踪电话回访,然后根据近况的了解以及语气的变化、是否致谢、是否收线草率等按满意、基本满意、不满意3个等级进行求助满意度评定。④采用定量的统计方法和定性分析方法对电话资料进行综合分析:采用临床诊断法对电话的初始内容进行定性评估;采用回顾性的内容分析法,将各种记录内容进行分层编码,归类;最后结果采用统计方法进行描述性分析和差异显著性检验。结果差异比较采用非参数χ2检验。结果:①求助者性别分布:总体水平,性别上男女人数相近;各年龄段人数比较,差异明显(χ2=75.236,P<0.01),20～50岁人数最多,为90名(87%)。②求助者年龄分布:男女人数仅在40～49岁有明显差异(χ2=3.769,P<0.05),即男多于女。男女性求助者在各个年龄段上人数差异明显(χ2=26.231,56.621,P<0.01),也是在20～50岁人数最多,分别占83%和81%。③求助者产生自杀心理危机原因的性别分布:男性各原因被选次数差异不明显,女性各原因被选次数差异明显(χ2=19.125,P<0.01),主要集中在情感问题上(33次);男女性仅在情感问题上被选次数差异明显(χ2=7.374,P<0.01),且女性高于男性(31,13次)。④求助者产生自杀心理危机原因的年龄分布:20～29岁和30～39岁求助者各原因被选次数比较,差异明显(χ2=13.30
AIM： To analyze the data of 110 suicidal intervention hotline telephones, so as to explore the function of telephone consultation in suicide prevention, lit＇e salvation and crisis intervention.
METHODS： ①110 hotline telephones of suicidal crisis intervention in Chongqing from December 2003 to January 2005 were selected, including 58 males and 52 males, 95 persons aged 20-59 years, 12 ones 〈 20 years and 3 ones ≥ 60 years. ②Counselors took synthetically all kinds of crisis intervention measures to the 110 clients including assessment of suicidal crisis, emotion catharsis, supporting interpretation, problem-solvlng （coping techniques and social support）, educational cognition modification and suggested the clients for psychological counseling or therapy in hospital. ③ After 1 month of counseling, the 110 clients were revisited through tracking telephone to assess the satisfaction for helping by three grades： satisfactory, basically satisfactory and dissatisfactory according to the current status, changes of tone, acknowledgement or not, rang off carelessly or not and so on. ④Comprehensive analysis on telephone data by quantitative and qualitative method： The initial content of hotline were evaluated by the clinical diagnosis method. All notes were categorized in layered coding by the retroactive content analysis method. Descriptive analysis and difference significance test of statistics method were adopted in finally result analysis. Comparison of result difference was performed by X^2-test.
RESULTS： ①Sex distribution： There was no significant difference in sex of suicides on the whole level; but there were significant differences in the age segment （X^2=75,236, P 〈 0.01）, Most of them were in the range of 20- 50 years old （90 persons, 87%）. ②Age distribution： There were significant differences in the age of 40-49 years （X^2=3.769, P 〈 0.05）. Males were more than females： There were significant differences in the age segment between the male and female clien
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第38期20-22,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
基金
重庆市2005-2006哲学社会科学规划项目(2005-JY07)~~
