摘要
目的探索肾综合征出血热（HFRS）在南充市的流行规律与特征，为制定防制对策提供科学依据。方法统计历年HFRS疫情，开展动物密度、种群、带病毒率及人群抗体水平监测，并对其进行综合分析。结果45年来南充市HFRS平均发病率为4．30／10万，死亡率为0．18／10万，病死率为4．09％。发病率最高是三区（7．83／10万）、蓬安（6．52／10万）和营山（4．02／10万），发病呈现5—7月和10月至翌年1月2个高峰；年龄以16～55岁组为多（85．70％）；职业以农民为高（78．50％），健康人群隐性感染率为3．31％；宿主动物以黑线姬鼠与褐家鼠为优势鼠种。鼠肺HFRS抗原阳性率为5．20％，鼠带病毒率以黄胸鼠、小家鼠、黑线姬鼠为高，黑线姬鼠与褐家鼠，褐家鼠与四川短尾嗣带病率均有统计学意义。结论南充市是以姬鼠型为主的混合HFRS疫区，发病呈高度散发和相对集中的流行特点。主要宿主动物及传染源是黑线姬鼠与褐家鼠，HFRS发病与鼠类总密度和居住区内褐家鼠密度密切相关。
Objective To explore the epidemic characteristics in Nanchong and provide the scientific evidence for making preventive measures. Methods To analysis the morbidity of HFRS and the surveillance data of animal density, animal population, virus carrying rate and the human population antibody - level from i961 to 2005. Results The average incidence of HFRS in Nanchong was 4.30/100 000 from 1961 to 2005, the mortality was 0.18/100 000 and the case fatality rate was 4.091/100 000. The three districts with the highest HFRS incidences were Sanqu （7.83/100 000）, Pengan （6.52/100 000） and Yingshan （4.02/100 000）. Two peaks of incidence were the periods from May to July and from October to the next January. The cases of 16 - 55y accounted for 85.7% among all the cases. 78.5% of all the cases were farmers. The asymptomatic infection rate among healthy population was 3.31%. The dominant host animals were Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus. The antigen positive rate of mice lung was 5.2 %. The host animals with the highest virus carrying rates were Rattus flavipectus, Mus musculus and Apodemus agrarius. The difference of virus carrying rates between Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegicus was significant The difference of virus carrying rates among Rattus norvegicus and Sichuan Anourosorex spuamipes was significant. Conclusion Nanchong was a mixed type HFRS natural loci with the Apodemus as the dominant animal. The epidemic characteristics were highly sporadic and comparative centralized Apodemus agrarius and Rattus norvegius were the dominant host animals and infection sources. The incidence of HFRS was related closely with the total mouse density and the Rattus norvegicus density in residence areas.
出处
《职业卫生与病伤》
2006年第3期172-176,共5页
Occupational Health and Damage
关键词
HFRS
隐性感染
鼠密度
鼠带病毒率
HFRS
Asyrnptornatic infection
Mouse density
Mouse virus carrying rate
