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列车通过道岔时转向架结构振动特性的研究 被引量:4

STUDY ON CHARACTERISTICS OF RAILWAY BOGIE'S STRUCTURAL VIBRATIONS WHILE TRAIN PASSING THROUGH A SWITCH
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摘要 建立了考虑线路弹性并视转向架构架为柔体的三节车辆组成的列车通过道岔运行的列车/线路模型.分析了列车通过道岔时作用于转向架构架上的动载荷,将动载荷通过程序FEMBS-1转化为适用于FE程序的文件并由ANSYS软件分析整个构架的应力分布及最大应力时间历程变化等.分析对比了列车及单节车辆的仿真结果并与线路动应力试验结果进行了对比.研究认为列车通过道岔时各构架的拉、压动应力幅值变化各异且在岔心处大于单辆车的相应值,表明单辆车模型适用于初步的计算分析,欲详细分析构架的结构性能应采用多车模型.根据动应力频谱分析可知,构架的动应力可分为3个频域区,分别对应由直线驶入道岔的曲线上、岔心和岔尖处及构架固有振动频率附近的弹性振动区. The general train model, with three high-speed rolling-stocks and a track system, passing through a switch, is developed, considering the elasticity of the track foundation and modeling the bogie frames as elastic bodies. The excitations caused by a railway switch and the dynamic loads acting on a railway elastic bogie frame are simulated and analyzed. By the MBS-postprocessor FEMBS-l, these loads are transferred back to the FE-code, in which the stress distributions for the whole bogie are simulated by means of the ANSYS-code, high stressed locations are identified, and time histories for the stresses at the locations are simulated and analyzed. The simulating results of the train model and one rolling-stock model, including the time histories for the stresses in the bogie frame are compared with those obtained in the real field test. The frequency spectrums of the dynamic stresses show that the structural vibrations of the bogie frames in the train are different from those of one rolling stock. The dynamic tensile stresses and compressive stresses in the bogie frames while the train passing through a crossing vee are all higher in magnitude than those in a railway car. It indicates that the one rolling-stock model is only suitable for primary designs, calculations and analyses, while the train model should be adopted in order to analyze structural characteristics more accurately. According to the frequency spectrums of the dynamic stresses of bogie frames, frequency domain of the stresses may be divided into three vibration zones, that is, the first frequency zone corresponding to the stresses while train passing a curve, the second Corresponding to those while train passing through a crossing vee and turnout of switch, and the third corresponding to the natural eigenmodes of the elastic bogie frame.
出处 《力学学报》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2006年第4期530-539,共10页 Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
基金 国家自然科学基金资助项目(50575020).~~
关键词 结构振动 动应力 转向架构架 道岔 柔体 频谱 铁道线路 structural vibration, dynamic stress, bogie frame , switch, flexible body, frequency spectrum, railway track
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