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慢性心力衰竭的血栓栓塞相关因素研究现状 被引量:7

Thromboembolism in Congestive Heart Failure
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摘要 慢性心力衰竭(心衰)是大多数心血管疾病的最终归宿,其发病率呈逐年上升趋势。血栓形成和血栓栓塞事件是慢性心衰患者中较严重的并发症,在心衰病情发展和预后中起重要作用。心衰患者发生猝死可能是由于致命性血栓栓塞事件或冠脉内血栓形成,从而导致心肌梗死和室性心律失常所致。文献报道,心衰患者中血栓事件的临床发生率差异很大,为0.9—42.4事件/100人年,大型心衰临床试验中血栓事件为1.6—2.5事件/100人年。在左室射血分数(LVEF)≤40%的心肌梗死患者中,LVEF是卒中的独立危险因素。慢性心衰失代偿(NYHAHI级和Ⅳ级)是心内科常见的住院原因,而住院心衰患者是静脉血栓症(VTF)的高危人群。MEDENOX(prophylaxis in medical patients with enoxaparin)研究显示,在无抗凝治疗的住院心力衰竭患者(Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级)中VTE的发病率约为15%。在大型的心衰试验中,由于血栓栓塞和心肌梗死通常作为次于死亡率和再入院率的二级终点,可能导致这些血栓事件被低估。目前临床医生对心衰患者中血栓栓塞事件危险性升高还缺乏足够的认识。本文将近年来国内外有关心衰患者血栓栓塞相关因素的研究作较全面的论述。
出处 《血栓与止血学》 2006年第4期173-175,共3页 Chinese Journal of Thrombosis and Hemostasis
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同被引文献45

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